《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第6部分


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    roistressofstofthelandshborderedupon

    thediterranean

    theroneire

    hoeaftercenturies

    ofunrestandrevolutionbeca

    aneire

    anaresretuedfrohesenyvictorious

    caaigns;theyhgreatjubilation

    alasandalaaketheuntryany

    happieronthentrarytheendlesscaaignshadruined

    thefarrspire

    kingithadplauchpohehandsofthe

    successfulgeneralsandtheirprivatefriendswhohadused

    theuseforwholesalerobbery

    theoldronrepubliplicity

    ousnthe

    needoftheshabbyatsandthehigh

    principleshedaysofitsgrandfathers

    itbecaalandofrichpeopleruledbyrichpeople

    forthebenefitofrichpeopleassuchitedto

    disastrousfailure;asishallnoellyou

    ehadbee

    thestressofpraediterranean

    inthoseearlydaysofhistoryaprisonerof

    hisfreedondbecaaslavetheronregardedwaras

    averyseriousbusinessandheshoercytoanquered

    foeafterthefallofcarthage;thecarthaginianenand

    childrenobondagetogetherhtheirownslaves

    andalikefateaedtheobstinateinhabitantsofgreeceand

    cedoniaandspainandsyriaheydaredtorevolt

    againsttheronpower

    terelyapieceof

    oneyinfactories

    theriesenators;generalsandwar

    profiteersinvestedtheirsinlandandinslavestheland

    theyboughtortookinthenehe

    slavestheyboughtinopenrketheyhappenedto

    becheapestduringstofthethirdandsendcenturies

    beforechristthereifulsupply;andasaresultthe

    landoheirslavesuntiltheydroppeddeadintheir

    tracks;heyboughthenearestbargainunter

    ofrinthianorcarthaginiancaptives

    andnoer

    hehaddonehisdutytoeandhehadfoughther

    battlesplaintbutehoafterten;

    fifteenortyyea
………………………………

第23节

    rs;hislandshweedsand

    hisfalyhadbeenruinedbutheanand

    obeginlifeaneedanded

    fortheharvesthearkettogether

    hhiscattleandhispoultry;tofindthatthelargelandowners

    all

    alongthelineforaupleofyearshetriedtoholdhisown

    thenhegaveupindespairhelefttheuntryandhe

    tothenearestcityinthecityhewasashungryashehadbeen

    beforeonthelandbuthesharedhisseryhthousands

    ofotherdisinheritedbeingstheycrouchedtogetherinfilthy

    hovelsinthesuburbsofthelargecitiesthey

    togetsiicstheywereall

    profoundlydisntentedtheyhadfoughtfortheiruntryand

    thisheirreolistento

    thoseplausiblespellbindersheraroundapublic

    grievanea

    gravenacetothesafetyofthestate

    buttheclassofthenesshoulders

    ‘‘yandourpolicen;theyargued;‘‘they

    obinorderandtheyhidtheelvesbehind

    thehighheirpleasantvillasandcultivatedtheir

    gardensandreadthepoeofacertainhorhagreek

    slavehadjusttranslatedintoverypleasinglatinhexaters

    inafeilieshoheoldtraditionofunselfish

    servionhntinuedelia;thedaughter

    ofsarriedtoaronbythe

    naofgracchusshehadtiberiusandgaius

    heboysgreheyenteredpoliticsandtriedtobring

    aboutsacensushadshown

    thatstofthelandoftheitalianpeninsulawasownedby

    tiliestiberiusgracchus;havingbeen

    eleenherevivedtwo

    ancientlaberofacreshasingle

    oightpossessinthisorevivethe

    valuableoldallandindependentfreeholdersthe

    nearobberandaneneofthestate

    therereetriotsapartyofthugsokillthe

    populartribunetiberiusgracchustackedwhenhe

    enteredtheasselyandentodeathtenyearslater

    hisbrothergaiustriedtheexperintofrefoganation

    againsttheexpressedrongprivilegedclasshe

    passeda‘‘poorlaeanttohelpthedestitute

    farrseventuallyitdethegreaterpartoftheron

    citizensintoprofessionalbeggars

    heestablishedloniesofdestitutepeopleindistantparts

    oftheeire;butthesesettlentsfailedtoattracttheright

    sortofpeoplebeforegaiusgrahe

    toourderedandhisfolloherkilledorexiled

    thefirsttershadbeengentlenthetwowho

    caafterptheywere

    professionalsoldiersoneeofthe

    otherhenjoyedalargepersonalfollowing

    sullaarius;thevictor

    inagreatbattleatthefootofthealpsheteutons

    andthecirihadbeenannihilated;hepopularhero

    ofthedisinheritedfreen

    nohappenedintheyear88bcthatthesenateof

    rooursthatcafrosia

    thridates;kingofauntryalongtheshoresoftheblack

    sea;andagreekonhisthersside;hadseenthepossibility

    ofestablishingasendalexandrianeirehebeganhis

    an

    citizensen;enand

    eante

    equippedanartorchagainstthekingofpontusand

    punishhiorhiscributnderin

    chief‘‘sulla;saidthesenate;‘‘becauseheisnsul

    ‘‘rius;saidtheb;‘‘becausehehasbeennsulfivetis

    andbecauseheisthechaionofourrights

    possessionisninepointsofthelaobe

    inayhetodefeat

    thridatesandriusfledtoafricathereheed

    untilheheardthatsullahadcrossedintoasiahethen

    retuedtoitaly;gatheredatleycrealntents;

    reandenteredthecityhhisprofessional

    highen;spentfivedaysandfivenights;slaughteringthe

    eneesofthesenatorialparty;gothielfelectednsuland

    protlydiedfroheexcitentofthelastfortnight

    therefollohensulla;having

    defeatedthridates;announcedthatheoretu

    toroandsettleafeoresofhisownhewasas

    goodashising

    thoseoftheirfelloocratic

    syathiesonedaytheygotholdofayoungfelloho

    hadbeenoftenseeninthepanyofriustheywere

    goingtohanghioneinterfered‘‘theboyistoo

    young;hesaid;andtheylethiohisnawasjulius

    eethigainonthenextpage

    asforsulla;hebeca‘‘dictator;eantsoleand

    suprerulerofalltheronpossessionsheruledro

    forfouryears;andhediedquietlyinhisbed;havingspentthe

    lastyearofhislifetenderlyraisinghiscabbages;ashe

    anyronsekilling

    theirfelloen

    butnditionsdidnotgroteronthentrary;they

    grepeius;orpoey;

    aclosefriendofsulla;easttorenehethe

    evertroublesothridateshedrovethatenergeticpotentate

    intotheuntainsithridatestookpoisonand

    killedhielf;asaron

    eover

    syria;destroyedjerusaleroadthrougheasia;

    tryingtorevivethethofalexanderthegreat;andatlast

    intheyear62retuedtorohadozenshiploadsof

    defeatedkingsandprincesandgenerals;allofwere

    forphalproously

    popularronofforty

    lliondollarsinplunder

    itentofrobeplaced

    inthehandsofastrongnonlyafeonthsbefore;the

    toostfallenintothehandsofagoodfoothing

    youngaristocratbythenaofcatiline;bled

    aoneyandhopedtoreiursehielfforhislosse
………………………………

第24节

    sby

    alittleplunderingcicero;apublicspiritedlaovered

    theplot;hadhesenate;andhadforcedcatiline

    tofleebutthereenilaraitions

    anditeforidletalk

    poeyorganisedatriuirateotakecharge

    ofaffairshebeittee

    gaiusjuliusself

    asgoveorofspain;ndthe

    thirdeofcrassus

    hehadbeenelectedbecauseherediblyrich;havingbeen

    asuccessfulntractorofupon

    anexpeditionagainsttheparthiansandwaskilled

    asforcaesar;heablestofthethree;he

    deilitaryglorytobee

    apopularherohecrossedthealpsandnqueredthatpart

    ofthered

    asolidherhineandinvadedtheland

    oftheonsfinallyhetookshipandvisitedengland

    heavenknoighthaveendedifhehadnotbeen

    forpey;soheed;had

    beenappointeddieantthat

    caesarobeplacedonthelistofthe‘‘retiredofficers;and

    theideadidnotappealtohihereeredthathehad

    begunlifeasafolloariushedecidedtoteachthe

    senatorsandtheir‘‘dictatoranotherlessonhecrossedthe

    rubinriveredtheprovinceofcisalpinegaul

    frotalyeveryhe‘‘friendofthe

    peopleeandpoey

    fledtogreececaesarfolloanddefeatedhisfollowers

    nearpharsaluspoeysailedaediterraneanand

    escapedtoegyptwhenhelandedheurderedbyorder

    ofyoungkingptoleafeercaesararrived

    hefoundhielfcaughtinatrapboththeegyptiansand

    therongarrisonainedfaithfultopoey;

    attackedhisca

    fortunehcaesarhesucceededinsettingfireto

    theegyptianfleetincidentallythesparksofthebuing

    vesselsfellontheroofofthefauslibraryofalexandria

    offtheerfront;anddestroyeditnext

    heattackedtheegyptianar;drovethesoldiersintothe

    nile;droy;andestablishedaneent

    undercleopatra;thesisterofthelatekingjustthenword

    reaithridates;

    hadgoneonthearchednorthed

    phaacesinaedfivedays;sentwordof

    hisvieinthefaussentence‘‘veni;vidi;vici;

    e;isaued

    toegyptelyinlovehcleopatra;who

    follotorouedtotakechargeofthe

    govent;intheyear46herchedattheheadofnot

    lessthanfourdifferentvictoryparades;havingwonfour

    differentcaaigns

    thencaesarappearedinthesenatetoreportuponhis

    adventures;andthegratefulsenatedehi‘dictatorfor

    tenyearsitalstep

    theneadeseriousattetstoreforhe

    ronstatehedeitpossibleforfreentobee

    ersofthesenatehenferredtherightsofcitizenship

    upondistantnitiesashadbeendoneintheearlydays

    ofronhistoryhepertted‘‘foreignerstoexercise

    influenentherefordtheadnistration

    ofthedistantprovincesilies

    hadetoregardastheirprivatepossessionsinshorthe

    didnythingsforthegoodofthejorityofthepeoplebut

    adehihoroughlyunpopularostpowerful

    ninthestatehalfahundredyoungaristoeda

    plot‘‘tosavetherepubliarchthefifteenth

    ofrchacrdingtothatnealendarhcaesar

    hadbroughtfrogyptcaesarurderedwhen

    heenteredthesenateoneaster

    thereenriedtontinuethetraditionof

    caesarsgloryoneersecretarythe

    otheravian;caesarsgrandnepheohis

    estateoctavianreinedinro;butantonytoegypt

    tobenearcleopatrahetoohadfalleninlove;as

    seetohavebeenthehabitofrongenerals

    a;

    oselfand

    cleopatrayshetriedvery

    hardtokeoctavianherthirdronnquestwhenshe

    saakenoiressionuponthisveryproud

    aristocrat;shekilledherself;andegyptbecaaronprovince

    asforoctavian;heanandhedid

    notrepeatthestakeofhisfausuncleheknewhow

    peopleodestinhisdends

    ehedidnottobea‘‘dictator

    heirelysatisfiedhthetitleof‘‘thehonourable

    buthesenate;afeer;addressed

    hisaugustustheillustrioushedidnotobjectandafew

    yearslatertheninthestreetcalledhiaesar;orkaiser;

    edtoregardoctavianastheir

    nderinasthechief;theieratoror

    eerortherepublichadbeeaneire;buttheaverage

    ronhefact

    in14adhispositionastheabsoluterulerofthe

    ronpeoplehadbeesoade

    anobjectofthatdivinehertohadbeenreserved

    forthegodsandhissuccessorsperorsthe

    absoluterulersofthegreatesteiretheworldhad

    everseen

    ifthetruthbetold;theaveragecitizenired

    ofanarchyanddisorderhedidnotcareprovided

    theneastergavehichancetolivequietlyand

    houtthenoiseofetealstreetriotsoctavianassuredhis

    subjectsfortyyearsofpeacehehadnodesiretoextendthe

    frontiersofhisdoins;intheyear9adhehadntebr 》

    platedaninvasionofthenorthehwas

    inhabitedbytheteutonsbutvarrus;hisgeneral;hadbeen

    killedenintheteutoburgerthat

    theronsdenofurtherattetstocivilisethesewild

    people

    theyn

    ofintealreforbutituchgoodtwo

    centuriesofrevolutionandforeignedlykilled

    thebestnangtheyoungergenerationsithadr
………………………………

第25节

    uined

    theersithadintroducedslavelabor;

    againstanuldhopetopeteithad

    tuedthecitiesintobeehives
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