《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第41部分


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    ing

    anycenturiestoday;itisasrare

    astheartofpaintingniaturesinnuscriptsandang

    thehundredsofartistsofourdecitiesthereisperhaps

    oneediuuccessfullybutduringthe

    ddleagesthereherheartistswere

    ‘‘fresethingbetterthethod

    hoaingreatdisadvantagesveryoftenthe

    plastercaoffthepness

    spoiledthepictures;justasdanesshepatte

    ofouraginableexpedient

    togetathisplasterbaix

    theirlourshhhoneyandh

    thestickyethodsisfactory

    forrethanathousandyearstheseexperints

    ntinuedinpaintingpientleaves

    ofnuscriptsthediaevalartists

    etoveringlargespacesofoneh

    paintick;theydidnotsucceedverywell

    atlast;duringthefirsthalfofthefifteenthcentury;the

    probleesoutheherlandsbyjanand

    hubertvaneyishbrothersxedtheir

    painttouse

    oneoranythingelseasabackgroundfor

    theirpictures

    butbythistithereligiousardouroftheearlyddle

    ageshingofthepasttherichburghersofthecities

    hebishopsaspatronsoftheartsandas

    artinvariablyfollohefulldinnerpail;theartistsnowbegan

    toployersandpaintedpicturesfor

    kings;forgranddukesandforrichbankershinavery

    shortti;theneethodofpaintinghoilspreadthrough

    europeandineveryuntrytheredevelopedaschoolof

    specialpaintinghecharacteristictastesofthe

    peoplefortheseportraitsandlandscapesade

    inspain;forexale;velasquezpaintedurtdwarfs

    andtheheroyaltapestryfactories;andallsorts

    ofpersonsandsubjectsnnectedhthekingandhisurt

    butinholland;rerandtandfranshalsandverer

    paintedthebayardoftherchantshouse;andtheypainted

    hisratherdoptiouschildren

    andtheshipshishinitalyon

    theotherhand;ainedthelargestpatron

    ofthearts;chelangeloandrreggiontinuedtopaint

    donnasandsaints;hearistocracy

    he

    kingshadbeeupperstinthestate;theartistspainted

    distinguishedgentleneersofthegovent;

    andverylovelyladiesajesty

    thegreatchangeinpainting;eabouththe

    neglectoftheoldchurchandtheriseofaney;

    sofarttheinventionofprinting

    haddeitpossibleforauthorstoeandreputation

    byultitudesinthiswayarose

    theprofessionofthenovelistandtheillustratorbutthe

    peopleoneyenoughtobuythene

    thesorteofnights;lookingattheceiling

    orjustsittingtheyusedthefeinstrels

    oftheddleagesandfor

    entertainntforthefirsttisincetheearlygreekcity

    statesofthousandyearsbefore;theprofessionalplay

    hadaiddleageshad

    knoerelyaspartofcertainchurchcelebrations

    thetragediesofthethirteenthandfourteenthcenturies

    hadtoldthestoryofthesufferingofourlordbut

    duringthesixteenthcenturytheadeits

    reappearanceitistruethat;atfirst;thepositionofthe

    professionalplayandactoraveryhighone

    shakespeareofcircusfellow

    usedhisneighboursedies

    butheyear1616hehadbeguntoenjoythe

    respectofhisneighboursandactorss

    ofpolicesupervision

    snteorary;lopedevega;theincredible

    spaniardenolessthan1800worldlyand400religious

    plays;hepapalapproval

    uponhisan;

    edpanionshipofnoneless

    thankinglouisxiv

    sincethen;thetheatrehasenjoyedaneverincreasing

    affectiononthepartofthepeopletodaya‘‘theatreispart

    ofeveryaofthe

    vieshasperatedtothetiniestofourprairiehaets

    anotherart;hoethestpopularof

    allthatusisdendeda

    greatdealoftechnicalskillittakesyearsandyearsofpractice

    beforeourandsof

    thebrainandreproduarble

    ittakesalifetitoleahooactorhooeagood

    novelandittakesagreatdealoftrainingonthepartofthe

    publictoappreciatethebestinpaintingandingand

    sculpturebutalstanyone;notentirelytonedeaf;can

    folloosteverybodyentoutof

    sosortofsictheddleageshadheardalittlesic

    butithadbeenentirelythesifthechurchtheholy

    chantsandhay

    andsoonthesebecanotonousbesides;theyuldnot

    arketplace

    therenaissane

    intoitsoan;bothinhishappinessand

    inhissorrows

    theegyptiansandthebabyloniansandtheancientjews

    hadallbeengreatloversofsictheyhadevenbined

    differentinstruntsintoregularorchestrasbutthegreeks

    hadfrohisbarbaricforeignnoisetheylikedto

    hearanreerandpindar

    they
………………………………

第104节

    allotoacpanyhielfuponthelyrethe

    poorestofallstringedinstruntsthatwasasfarasany

    oneuldgohoutincurringtheriskofpopulardisapproval

    theronsontheotherhandhadlovedorchestralsicat

    theirdinnersandpartiesandtheyhadinventedstofthe

    instruntsodifiedforday

    theearlychurchhaddespisedthissicackedtoo

    chofthebeendestroyed

    afeheentirengregationwere

    allthebishopsofthethirdandfourthcenturiesolerate

    asthengregationtosingdreadfullyoutofkeyhout

    theguidanent;thechurchhadafterwardsallowed

    theuseofanorgan;aninventionofthesendcenturyofourera

    binationoftheoldpipesofpanand

    apairofbellows

    thenan

    siciansetrafiddlersgoing

    froitytocityandplayinginthestreet;andbeggingfor

    penniesliketheharpistonadeferryboat

    buttherevivalofareioninthecities

    ofthelateddleageshadusicians

    instruntsliketheho;hhadbeenusedonly

    assignalinstruntsforhuntingandfighting;odelled

    untiltheyuldreproducesoundshe

    danaborungh

    horsehairoplaytheoldfashionedguitarandbefore

    theendoftheddleagesthissixstringedinstrunt

    thestanentsesback

    toegyptandassyriahadgroodefour

    stringedfiddleradivariusandtheotheritalianviolin

    kersoftheeighteenthcenturybroughttotheheightofperfection

    andfinallythedepianoostwide

    spreadofallsicalinstrunts;aninto

    thehejungleandtheicefieldsofgreenland

    theorganhadbeenthefirstofallkeyedinstruntsbutthe

    perforraleone

    hebelloricity

    thesiciansthereforelookedforahandierandless

    intrainingthepupils

    ofthenychurchchoirsduringthegreateleventhcentury;

    guido;abenedictinenkofthetohe

    birthplaodesystebr 》

    ofsietiduringthatcentury;when

    thereusic;thefirst

    instruntust

    havesoundedastinklyasoneofthosetinychildrenspianos

    everytoyshopinthecityofvienna;

    thetousiiddleages

    hjugglersandcardsharpshad

    fordthefirstseparateguildofsiciansintheyear1288;

    thelittlenochordethinghwe

    odesteinway

    froustriathe‘‘clavichordasithose

    daysbecauseithad‘‘cravesorkeystoitalythere

    itedintothe‘‘spier

    theinventor;giovannispitiofveniceatlastduring

    theeighteenthebetween1709and1720;

    bartolooadea‘‘clavierhe

    perforrtoplaybothloudlyandsoftlyorasitwassaidin

    italian;‘‘pianoand‘‘fortethisinstrunthcertain

    changesbecaour‘‘pianoforteorpiano

    thenforthefirsttithe

    instruntasteredinaupleofyears

    anddidnotneedtheetealtuningofharpsandfiddlesand

    uediaevaltubas;claris;

    troonesandoboesjustasthephonographhasgiven

    llionsofdepeopletheirfirstloveofsicsodidthe

    early‘‘pianoforteuch

    epartoftheeducationofeverywell

    brednandanprincesandrichrchantsintained

    privateorchestrasthesicianceasedtobeawandering

    ‘‘jongleurandbeunity

    siancesof

    thetheatreandoutofthispractice;greodeopera

    originallyonlyafeheexpenses

    ofan‘‘operatroupebutasthetasteforthissortof

    entertainntgreanycitiesbuilttheiroheatreswhere

    italianandafteranoperasited

    joyofthenityhtheexceptionofafew

    sectsofverystrictchristiansusich

    deepsuspiethingoolovelytobeentirely

    goodforthesoul

    bytheddleoftheeighteenthcenturythesicallife

    ofeuropeeforwarda

    npleorganistofthe

    thoseofjohannsebastian

    ba

    ioststatelyofsacred

    hysandoratorios;helaidthefoundationforallourde

    sicheyear1750heceededby

    zart;usicalfabricsofsheerlovelinessh

    rendusoflacethathasbeenonyand

    rhyththencaludosttragic

    ofn;odeorchestra;yetheardnoneof

    hisgreatestpositionsbecauseheheresultofa

    ldntractedduringhisyearsofpoverty

    beethovenlivedthroughtheperiodofthegreatfrench

    revolutionfullofhopeforanewandgloriousday;hehad

    dediphoniestonapoleonbuthelived

    toregretthehourheyear1827;napoleon

    enginehadeandhehasoundthat

    hadnothinginnsofthethirdsyhony

    indeed;theneandironandalandlarge

    factorieshadlittleuseforart;forpaintingandsculptureand

    poetryandsictheoldprotectorsofthearts;thechurch

    andthepriniddleagesandthe

    seventeenthandeighteenthcenturiesnolongerexistedthe

    leadersofthenerialoobusyandhadtoo

    littleeducationtobotheraboutetchingsandsonatasandbits

    ofenedthose

    things;andnity
………………………………

第105节

    in

    eninthefactorieslistened

    tothedroneoftheirenginesuntiltheytoohadlostalltaste

    forthelodyofthefluteorfiddleoftheirpeasantancestry

    theartsbecathestepchildrenofthenerialera

    artandlifebecaentirelyseparatedeverpaintings

    hadbeenleft;useuand

    sicbecaanopolyofafeuosiookthe

    sicathehoandcarriedittothencerthall

    butsteadily;althoughsloingbackinto

    theirobrandtand

    beethovenandrodinarethetrueprophetsandleadersof

    theirraceandthatables

    anurseryhoutlaughter

    lonialexpansionandwar

    achaptertogiveyoua

    greatdealofpolitiation

    aboutthelastfiftyyears;but

    ainsseveralexplanations

    andafeologies

    ifihadknoitoeahistoryof

    theakenthetaskofurse;

    anyonepossessedofenoughindustrytolosehielfforhalf

    adozenyearsinthestystacksofalibrary;canpilea

    ponderoustooftheeventsinevery

    landduringeverycenturybutthatthepurposeof

    thepresentbookthepublishersedtoprintahistory

    thatshouldhaverhythstoryherthan

    ostfinishedidisverthat

    certainchaptersgallop;thatothershroughthe

    drearysandsoflongforgottenagesthatafesdonot

    keanyprogressatall;illothersindulgeinaveritable

    jazzofaanceididnotlikethisandisuggested

    thatanuscriptandbeginonce

    refrohebeginningthis;hohepublisherswould

    notallow

    asthenextbestsolutionofdifficulties;itookthetype

    berofcharitablefriendsandaskedthebr 》

    toreadethebenefitoftheiradvice

    theexperienceherdishearteningeachandevery

    nhadhisoesandhisoes

    theyalledtoknohy;whereandhowidared

    toottheirpetnation;theirpetstatesn;oreventheirst

    beloved;napoleonandjenghiz

    khanesforhighhonoursiexplainedthati

    hadtriedveryhardtobefairtonapoleon;butthatin

    estitionheenasgeorge

    rabior

    linln;andasreofothersallofo

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    abilityinthefieldofurderandididnotintendto

    givehinyrepublicitythaniuldhelp

    ‘‘thisisverygoes;saidthenextcritic;

    ‘‘buthothepuritansingthetercentenary

    oftheirarrivalatplyuththeyoughttohave

    respaceanshatifiingahistory

    ofarica;thepuritansfullyonehalfofthefirst

    tankind

    andthattheeventonplyuthrockatteroffar

    reaportanceuntilnycenturieslater;

    thattheunitedstateshadbeenfoundedbythirteenlonies

    andnotbyasingleone;thatthestpronentleadersofthe

    firsttvirginia;fr
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