hispietylutherretuedtouchdisappointed
nbutofollow
thegiganticchurchofstpeterhpopejuliushad
successors;althoughonlyhalfbegun;
every
pennyofthepapaltreasuryleox;ceededjulius
intheyear1513;hevergeofbankruptcyhereverted
toanoldthodofraisingreadycashhebegantosell
‘‘indulgencesanindulgenceenth
inretuforaoney;prosedasinneradecrease
ofthetiospendinpurgatory
itlyrrectthingacrdingtothecreedofthe
lateddleagessincethechurchhadthepooforgive
thesinsofthoserulyrepentedbeforetheydied;the
churchalsohadtherighttoshorten;throughitsintercession
eduringustbepunfied
intheshadosofpurgatory
itustbesoldfor
neybuttheyofferedaneasyforfrevenueandbesides;
thoseoopoortopay;receivedtheirsfoothing
nohappenedintheyear1517thattheexclusiveterritory
forthesaleofindulgencesinsaxonyoa
donieofjohantetzelbrother
johanantotellthetruthhewasa
littletooeagerhisbusinessthodsoutragedthepious
peopleofthelittleduchyandluther;
fellosoangrythathedidarashthingonthe31stof
octoberoftheyear1517;hetotheurtchurchandupon
thedoorsthereofhepostedasheetofpaperhniyfive
statentsortheses;attackingthesaleofindulgences
thesestatentshadbeenteninlatinlutherhadno
intentionofstartingariothearevolutionisthe
objectedtotheinstitutionoftheindulgencesandheedhis
fellobut
thisillaprivateaffairoftheclericalandprofessorial
nity
oflayn
unfortunately;atthatnthewholeworldhad
beguntotakeaninterestinthereligiousaffairsoftheday
itpossibletodiscussanything;houtatonce
entaldisturbanceinlessthantwo
nths;alleuropeheniyfivethesesof
thesaxonnkeveryonesttakesideseveryobscure
littletheologianstprinthisohepapal
authoritiesbegantobealardtheyorderedthetenberg
professortoproeandgiveanacuntofhisaction
luthereeredhadhappenedtohusshe
stayedingeya
………………………………
第58节
ndhenication
lutherbuedthepapalbullinthepresenceofan
adringltitudeandfrohatnt;peacebetself
andthepopewasnolongerpossible
ethe
leaderofavastarofdisntentedchristiansge
patriotslikeulrichvonhutten;rushedtohisdefencethe
studentsoftenberganderfurtandleipzigofferedto
defendhihouldtheauthoritiestrytoirisonhithe
eleennoharbr 》
heraslongashestayedonsaxonground
allthishappenedintheyear1520charlesvy
yearsoldandastherulerofhalftheo
reinonpleasantterhthepopehesentoutcalls
foradietorgeneralasselyinthegoodcityofson
therhineandndedluthertobepresentandgivean
acuntofhisextraordinarybehaviourluther;whonow
ans;herefusedto
takebackasinglehehadevertenorsaid
hisnsciencerolledonlybythewordofgodhe
onscience
thedietofs;afterduedeliberation;declared
lutheranoutlaan;andforbadeallges
togivehihelterorfoodordrink;ortoreadasingle
hebookshedastardlyheretichadten
butthegreatreforrajority
ofthegesofthenorththeedictost
unjustandoutrageousdocuntforgreatersafety;luther
heburg;acastlebelongingtotheelector
ofsaxony;andtherehedefiedallpapalauthoritybytranslating
theentirebibleintothegelanguage;thatallthe
peopleghtreadandknoselves
bythisti;therefortionual
andreligiousaffairthoseode
churchbuildingusedthisperiodofunresttoattackand
destroytheydidnotlikebecausetheydidnotunderstand
itioverishedknightstriedtokeupforpastlossesby
grabbingtheterritoryonasteries
disntentedprinperor
toincreasetheiroarvingpeasants;following
theleadershipofhalfadethebestof
theopportunityandattaastersand
plunderedandrderedandbuedhthezealoftheold
crusaders
averitablereignofdisorderbrokeloosethroughoutthe
eiresoprincesbecaprotestantsasthe‘‘protesting
adherentsoflutheredtheir
ainedcatholicandhangedtheir
protestantsubjectsthedietofspeyeroftheyear1526
triedtosettlethisdifficultquestionofallegiancebyordering
that‘‘thesubjeereligiousdenonation
astheirprincesthistuedgeyintoacheckerboard
ofathousandhostilelittleduchiesandprincipalitiesand
createdasituationalpolitical
growthforhundredsofyears
infebruaryoftheyear1546lutherdiedand
torestinthesachurchynineyearsbeforehe
hadproclaidhisfausobjectionstothesaleofindulgences
inlessthanthirtyyears;theindifferent;jokingand
laughingedinto
thearguing;quarrelling;backbiting;debatingsocietyofthe
refortiontheuniversalspiritualeireofthepopes
catoasuddenendandtheeeuropewas
tuedintoabattlefield;estantsandcatholics
killedeachotherforthegreatergloryofcertaintheological
doctrinesprehensibletothepresentgeneration
asthesteriousinscriptionsoftheancientetruscans
religiouswarfare
theageofthegreatreligious
ntroversies
thesixteenthandseventeenthcenturiesheageof
religiousntroversy
ifyouosteverybody
aroundyouisforever‘‘talkingenocsanddiscussing
rikesintheirrelationtothe
lifeofthenity;forthatistheintopifinterest
ofouroe
thepoorlittlechildrenoftheyear1600or1650fared
hingbut‘‘religiontheir
headsh‘‘predestination;‘‘transubstantition;
‘‘freeherqueerwords;expressing
obscurepointsof‘‘thetruefaith;hercatholir
protestantacrdingtothedesireoftheirparentstheywere
baptisedcatholicsorlutheransorcalvinistsorzwinglians
oranabaptiststheyleaedtheirtheologyfroheaugsburg
the‘‘institutes
ofchristianity;uledthe
thirtyninearticlesoffaithedintheenglish
bookofnprayer;andtheyoldthatthese
alonerepresentedthe‘‘truefaith
theyheardoftheheftofchurchproperty
perpetratedbykinghenryviii;thechrriednarchof
england;adehielfthesupreheadoftheenglish
church;andassudtheoldpapalrightsofappointingbishops
andprieststheyhadanightreeone
ntionedtheholyinquisition;hitsdungeonsandits
nytorturechaers;andtheyreatedtoequallyhorrible
storiesofhoobofoutrageddutchprotestantshad
gotholdofadozendefen
forthesheerpleasureofkillingthosewhoprofessed
adifferentfaithitunatethatthetwo
ntendingpartiesatchedotherwise
thestruggleetoaquicksolution
nodraggedonforeightgenerations;and
itgrepliost
iortantdetails;andstaskyoutogetthe
restfroneofthenyhistoriesoftherefortion
thegreatreforoventoftheprotestants
hadbeenfollo
ofthechurchthosepopeswho
hadbeenrelyateurhunistsanddealersinron
andgreekantiquities;disappearedfrohesceneand
theirplaceentyhours
adayadnisteringthoseholydutieshhadbeenplaced
intheirhands
thelongandratherdisgraonasteries
onksandnunsobeup
atsunrise;tostudythechurchfathers;totendthesickand
nsolethedyingtheholyinquisitioncheddayand
nightthatnodangerousdoctrinesshouldbespreadbywayof
thep
………………………………
第59节
rintingpresshereitisentionpoor
galileo;tletoo
indiscreetinexplainingtheheavenshhisfunnylittle
telespeandhadtteredcertainopinionsaboutthebehaviour
oftheplasirelyopposedtotheofficialviews
ofthechurchbutinallfaiesstothepope;theclergyand
theinquisition;itoughttobestatedthattheprotestantswere
quiteasedicineasthecatholics
andanifestationsofignoranceandintolerance
regardedthenselves
asthestdangerouseneesofnkind
anderandthetyrant
bothpoliticalandspiritualofgeneva;notonlyassistedthe
frenchauthoritiesichaelservetus
thespanishtheologianandphysicianefaus
astheassistantofvesalius;thefirstgreatanatost;but
anagedtoescapefroisfrenchjailand
hadfledtogeneva;calvinthreanintoprison
andafteraprolongedtrial;allotobebuedatthe
stakeonae
asascientist
andsoitisticsuponthe
subject;butonthee
longbeforetheen
andenatedon
asofthevery
energetie
fortoleranceandpleasereerthiswhenyougrow
older;isofveryrecentoriginandeventhepeopleofourown
socalled‘‘detobetolerantonlyuponsuch
ttersasdonotinteresttheerychtheyaretolerant
toes
abuddhistorahaedan;becauseneitherbuddhisor
haedaniseansanythingtothebuthey
hearthattheieighbouranandbelieved
inahighprotectivetariff;hasjoinedthesocialistpartyand
nostorepealalltarifflaheirtoleranceceasesand
theyusealstthesaployedbyakindly
catholirprotestantoftheseventeenthcentury;whowas
infordthathisbestfriendhehadaled
andlovedhadfallenavictiotheterribleheresiesofthe
protestantorcatholicchurch
‘‘heresyuntilaveryshorttiagowasregardedasa
diseasenoanneglectingthepersonal
eandexposinghielf
andhischildrentothedangersoftyphoidfeveroranother
preventabledisease;heboardofhealthandthe
healthoffiinrevingthis
personnity
inthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies;aheretic;an
oraanentalprinciples
uponestantorcatholicreligionhadbeen
founded;oreterriblenacethanatyphoid
ightverylikelyroythe
bodybutheresy;a;ivelydestroy
theiortalsoulithereforethedutyofallgoodand
logicalcitizenstoiesofthe
establishedorderofthingsandthoseodosowere
asantelephoothe
nearestdoctorhathisfelloenantsare
sufferingfrollpox
intheyearstoeyoudealabout
preventivedicinepreventivedicinesilyansthatour
doctorsdonotuntiltheirpatientsaresick;thenstep
foronthentrary;theystudythepatient
andthenditionsunderhepatient
isperfectlyoveeverypossiblecauseofillness
bycleaninguprubbish;byteachinghioeatand
toavoid;andbygivinghifepleideasofpersonal
hygienetheygoevenfurtherthanthat;andthesegood
doctorsentertheschoolsandteachthechildrenhoouse
toothbrushesandhooavoidcatchinglds
thesixteenthcenturyriedto
shouchlessiortantthansickness
ofspiritual
preventivedicineassoonasachildospell
hisfirstedinthetrueandthe‘‘only
trueprinciplesofthefaithindirectlythisprovedtobea
goodthingforthegeneralprogressofthepeopleofeurope
theprotestantlandstedhschoolsthey
usedagreatdealofveryvaluabletitoexplainthecatechis
buttheygaveinstructioninotherthingsbesidestheology
theyenuragedreadingandtheywereresponsible
forthegreatprosperityoftheprintingtrade
butthecatholicsdidnotlagbehindtheytoodevoted
atter;
foundaninvaluablefriendandallyinthenewlyfounded
orderofthesoarkable
organisationeralifeofunholy
adventureshadbeennvertedandthereuponfelthielf
boundtoservetheersinners;who
havebeenshoy;
devotethereiningyearsoftheirlivestothetaskofaiding
andnsolingthoseunate
thenaofthisspaniardiusdeloyolahe
ericahehad
beenedforlifeandhehospital
hehadseenavisionoftheholyvirginandherson;who
badehiiveuptheerlifehedecided
togototheholylandandfinishthetaskofthecrusades
butavisittojerusaleadshotheiossibility
ofthetaskandheretuedtohelpinthewarfare
upontheheresiesofthelutheran
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