《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第20部分


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    groiothedesecration

    oftheancestralgrave

    atthesatithee

    losttheirholdupontheincreasingllionsofeasteasia

    nfuciani**sprofoundsayingsandshreions;

    addedatouonsensephilosophytothesoulof

    everychinanandinfluencedhisentirelife;herhewas

    asilelaundryninasteangbasentortherulerofvast

    provincesbehindthehighludedpalace

    inthesixteenthcenturytheenthusiasticbutratheruncivilised

    christiansoftheefacetofaceh

    theoldercreedsoftheeasttheearlyspaniardsandportuguese

    lookeduponthepeaplated

    thevenerablepicturesofnfuciusanddidnotin

    theleastknoakeofthosehyprophetsh

    theirfarailetheycatotheeasynclusionthat

    thesestrangedivinitiesplaindevilsed

    sothingidolatrousandhereticalanddidnotdeservethe

    respectofthetruesonsofthechurchhespirit

    ofbuddhaofuciusseedtointerferehthetradein

    spicesandsilks;theeuropeansattackedthe‘‘evilinfluence

    hadcertainvery

    definitedisadvantagesithasleftusanunpleasantheritage

    ofilliseslittlegoodfortheiediatefuture

    therefortion

    theprogressofthehunraceisbest

    paredtoagiganticpendulubr 》

    hforeverswingsforwardand

    backhereligiousindifference

    andtheartisticandliterary

    enthusiasftherenaissance

    heartisticand

    literaryindifferenceandthereligious

    enthusiasftherefortion

    ofurseyouhaveheardoftherefortionyouthink

    ofasllbuturageousgroupofpilgrihe

    oofreligioushe

    urseoftiandreespeciallyinourprotestantuntries

    therefortionhasetostandfortheideaof

    ‘‘libertyofthoughtrtinlutherisrepresentedasthe

    leaderofthevanguardofprogressbutoryis

    sothingrethanaseriesofflatteringspeechesaddressed

    toouroors;ousethehe

    gehistorianranke;rytodisver‘‘actually

    happened;thenchofthepastisseeninaverydifferent

    light

    feanlifeareeitherentirelygoodorentirely

    badfehingsareeitherblackoreitisthedutyof

    thehonestchroniclertogiveatrueacuntofallthegoodand

    badsidesofeveryhistoricaleventitisverydifficulttodo

    thisbecause

    ustnotallow

    ourprejudiuch

    takeopleigrehevery

    protestantcentreofaveryprotestantuntryineversaw

    anycatholicsuntilit

    veryunfortableettheitlebitafraid

    ikneanythousandpeoplewhohadbeen

    buedandhangedandquarteredbythespanishinquisition

    hedukeofalbatriedtocurethedutchpeopleoftheir

    lutheranandcalvinisticheresiesallthatwasveryreal

    toitseedtohavehappenedonlythedaybeforeit

    ghtoews

    night;andpoorlittley

    nightieandbodyhroofthewindow;as

    hadhappenedtothenobleadraldeligny

    chlateriberofyearsinacatholic

    untryifoundthepeoplechpleasanterandch

    retolerantandquiteasintelligentasforruntryn

    togreatsurprise;ibegantodisverthatthere

    ation;quiteaschasa

    protestant

    ofursethegoodpeopleofthesixteenthandseventeenth

    centuries;ation;did

    notseethingsthatandtheir

    eneionofhangorbe

    hanged;andbothsidespreferredtodothehangingh

    orethanhunandfore

    heappearedintheyear1500;

    aneasydatetoreer;andtheyearinperor

    charlesvhisishefeudaldisorder

    oftheddleageshasgivenwaybefo
………………………………

第56节

    retheorderofanuer

    ofhighlyostpowerfulof

    allsovereignsisthegreatcharles;thenababyinacradle

    heisthegrandsonofferdinandandisabellaandofxi

    lianofhabsburg;thelastofthediaevalknights;andof

    hisbitious

    burgundiandukeadesuccessfule

    buthadbeenkilledbytheindependentssthe

    childcharles;therefore;hasfallenheirtothegreaterpartof

    thep;toallthelandsofhisparents;grandparents;uncles;

    usinsandauntsingey;inaustria;inholland;in

    belgiuinitaly;andinspain;togetherhalltheirlonies

    inasia;africaandaricabyastrangeironyoffate;he

    hasbeenboinghent;inthatsacastleoftheuntsof

    flanders;ansusedasaprisonduringtheir

    re;andalthoughaspanishking

    andageeeror;hereing

    ashisfatherisdeadpoisoned;sopeoplesay;butthisis

    neverproved;andhistherhaslosthedsheistravelling

    throughherdoinshtheffinntainingthebody

    ofherdepartedhusband;thechildislefttothestrict

    disargaretforansand

    italiansandspaniardsandahundredstrangeraces;charles

    groing;afaithfulsonofthecatholicchurch;

    butquiteaversetoreligiousintoleranceheisratherlazy;

    bothasaboyandasanbutfatendeshiorule

    theoilofreligiousfervour

    foreverheisspeedingfroadridtoinnsbruckandfrobr 》

    brugestoviennahelovespeaceandquietandheisalways

    attuhisbackupon

    thehunrauch

    stupiditythreeyearslaterhedies;averytiredanddisappointed

    n

    soperorhothechurch;

    thesendgreatpohehechurchhaschanged

    greatlysiniddleages;started

    outtonquertheheathenandshotheadvantagesof

    apiousandrighteouslifeinthefirstplace;thechurchhas

    grooorichthepopeisnolongertheshepherdofaflock

    ofhulechristianshelivesinavastpalaceandsurrounds

    hielfusien

    hischurchesandchapelsareveredhneuresin

    orelikegreekgodsthanisstrictly

    necessaryhedivideshistiunevenlybetweenaffairsof

    stateandarttheaffairsofstatetaketenpere

    theotheiyperan

    statues;reer

    ho;therehearsalofanehearchbishopsand

    thecardinalsfollopleoftheirpopethebishops

    trytoitatethearchbishopsthevillagepriests;however;

    havereinedfaithfultotheirdutiestheykeeptheelves

    alooffroheheheathenishloveofbeauty

    andpleasuretheystayathenasterieswhere

    thenksseeohaveforgottentheirancientvoplicity

    andpovertyandliveashappilyastheydarehout

    uchofapublicscandal

    finally;therearethenpeopletheyarech

    betteroffthantheyhaveeverbeenbeforetheyarere

    prosperous;theyliveinbetterhouses;theirchildrengotobetter

    sorebeautifulthanbefore;their

    firearhavedetheheequaloftheiroldenees;the

    robberbarons;urieshaveleviedsuchheavytaxes

    upontheirtradesochforthechiefactorsinthe

    refortion

    nousseetherenaissancehasdooeurope;

    andthenyouandhoherevivalofleaingand

    artobefolloerests

    therenaissancebeganinitalyfrohereitspread

    tofranceitquitesuccessfulinspain;where

    fivehundredyearsofadethe

    peopleverynarroindedandveryfanaticalinallreligious

    ttersthecirclehadgrooncethe

    alpshadbeencrossed;therenaissancehadsufferedachange

    thepeopleofnortheeurope;livinginaverydifferent

    clite;hadanoutlookuponliferastedstrangely

    hthatoftheirsoutheneighbourstheitalianslivedout

    intheopen;underasunnyskyittolaugh

    andtosingandtobehappytheges;thedutch;the

    english;thesostoftheirtiindoors;listening

    totherainbeatingontheclosedfortable

    littlehousestheydidnotlaughquitesochthey

    tookeverythingreseriouslytheyonscious

    oftheiriortalsoulsandtheydidnotliketobefunnyabout

    ttersanistic

    partoftherenaissance;thebooks;thestudiesofancient

    authors;thegraarandthetextbooks;interestedthebr 》

    greatlybutthegeneralretutotheoldpagancivilisation

    ofgreeceandro;hechiefresultsofthe

    renaissanceinitaly;filledtheirheartshhorror

    butthepapacyandthellegeofcardinalsost

    entirelyposedofitaliansandtheyhadtuedthechurch

    intoapleasantclubusicand

    thetheatre;butrarelyntionedreligionhencethesplit

    betorecivilisedbuteasygoing

    andindifferentsouthhe

    tiandnobodyseedtobeahedangerthatthreatened

    thechurch

    thereinorreasonshe

    refortiontookplaceingeyratherthaninsweden

    orenglandthegesboreanancientgrudgeagainst

    rotheendlessquarrelsbetperorandpopehad

    causedchtualbitteessintheothereuropeanuntries

    entrestedinthehandsofastrong

    king;therulerhadoftenbeenabletoprotecthissubjects

    againstthegreedofthepriestsingey;whereashadowy

    eerorruledaturbulentcrotleprincelings;thegood

    burghersoredirectlyatthercyoftheirbishopsand

    prelatesthesedignitariess

    ofneyforthebenefitofthoseenoruschurchesh

    ans

    feltthattheyulctedandquitenaturallytheydid

    notlikeit

    andthenthereistherarelyntionedfactthatgey

    eoftheprintingpressinnortheeuropebooks

    hebiblewa
………………………………

第57节

    snolongerasteriousnu

    scriptohepriestitwasahousehold

    bookofnyfaliesinoodbythe

    fatherandbythechildreniliesbegantoreadit;

    thelahechurchtheydisveredthat

    thepriestsnythingso

    theoriginaltextoftheholyscriptures;edifferent

    thiscauseddoubtpeoplebegantoaskquestionsand

    questions;heycannotbeansencauseagreat

    dealoftrouble

    theattackbegananistsofthenorthopened

    fireuponthenksintheirheartofheartstheystillhad

    toochrespectandreverenceforthepopetodirecttheir

    salliesagainsthisstholypersonbutthelazy;ignorant

    nks;livingbehindtheshelteringonasteries;

    offeredraresport

    theleaderinthisuriouslyenough;wasavery

    faithfulsonofthechurchgerardgerardzoon;ordesiderius

    erass;asheisusuallycalled;wasapoorboy;boin

    rotterdanholland;andeducatedatthesalatinschool

    ofdeventerfrosakeishadgraduated

    hehadbeeapriestandforatihehadlivedinanastery

    hehadtravelledagreatdealandknee;

    phleteerhewould

    havebeencalledaneditorialerinourdaytheworldwas

    greatlyasedatananonyusseriesoflettershhad

    justappearedunderthetitleof‘‘lettersofobscuren

    intheseletters;thegeneralstupidityandarroganceofthe

    nksofthelateddleagesrange

    gelatindoggerelindsoneofourde

    lirickserasshielfwasaveryleaedandserious

    scholar;hlatinandgreekandgaveusthefirst

    reliableversionoftheneent;ranslated

    intolatintogetherharrectededitionoftheoriginal

    greektextbuthebelievedanpoet;

    thatnothingpreventsusfro‘statingthetruthile

    uponourlips

    intheyear1500;asreineng

    land;hetookafeeafunnylittlebook;

    calledthe‘‘praiseoffolly;inonks

    andtheircredulousfolloostdangerousofall

    orthebooklethebestsellerofthesixteenth

    centuryitosteverylanguage

    anditdepeoplepayattentiontothoseotherbooksof

    erassinofthenyabusesof

    the

    inhistaskofbringingaboutagreatrebirthofthechristian

    faith

    butnothinguswas

    tooreasonableandtootoleranttopleasestoftheenees

    ofthechurchtheyore

    robustnature

    heca;andhisnaartinluther

    lutheranpeasanthafirstclass

    brainandpossessedofgreatpersonaluragehewasa

    universityn;asterofartsoftheuniversityoferfurt;

    afterinie

    allegeprofessoratthetheologicalschooloftenberg

    andbegantoexplainthescripturestotheindifferentploughboys

    ofhissaxonhohehadalotofsparetiandthisheused

    tostudytheoriginaltextsoftheoldandneents

    soonhebegantoseethegreatdifferenceedbetween

    theandthosethathepopesandthebishops

    intheyear1511;hevisitedroonofficialbusiness

    alexandervi;ofthefalyofborgia;self

    forthebenefitofhissonanddaughter;his

    suanofirreproachablepersonalcharacter;

    ostofhistifightingandbuildingand

    didnotiressthisseriousndedgetheologianh

    hispietylutherretuedtouchdisappointed

    nbutofollow

    thegiganticchurchofstpeterhpopejuliushad
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