《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第17部分


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    tothegalloandbuedhisbodyadst

    thecheerfulhoob

    itquiteinevitablesavonarola

    anintheeleventhcenturyinthe

    fifteenthcenturyheerelytheleaderofalostcause

    forbetteroretoanendwhen

    thepopehadtuedhunistande

    thestiortantseufronandgreekantiquities

    theageofexpression

    thepeoplebegantofeeltheneedof

    givingexpressiontotheiewly

    disveredjoyoflivingtheyexpressed

    theirhappinessinpoetry

    andinsculptureandinarchitecture

    andinpaintingandinthe

    bookstheyprinted

    intheyear1471therediedapiousoldn

    seventytyoneyearsbehindtheshelteringwalls

    oftheountstagnesnearthegoodtownof

    zheolddutchhanseaticcityontheriveryselhe

    asandbecausehehadbeenbo

    inthevillageofkeen;heasakeis

    attheageofttodeventer;where

    gerhardgroot;abrilliantgraduateoftheuniversitiesof

    paris;logneandprague;andfausasawandering

    preacher;hadfoundedthesocietyofthebrothersofthe

    nlifethegoodbrothersblelaynwho

    triedtolivethesilelifeoftheearlyapostlesofchrist

    theirregularjobsascarpentersandhouse

    paintersandstonesonstheyintainedanexcellent

    sightbetaught

    theofthefathersofthechurchatthisschool;

    littlethoshadleaedhoonjugatelatinverbsand

    hoanuscriptsthenhehadtakenhisvows;had

    puthislittlebundleofbooksuponhisback;hado

    zhasighofreliefhehadclosedthedoorupona

    turbulent

    thoslivedinanageofturil;pestilenceandsudden

    deathinia;thedevoteddisciplesof

    johannushuss;thefriendandfollohe

    englishreforr;haterriblehedeath

    oftheirbelovedleaderthestakebyorderof

    thatsaunasafenduct

    ifheetoszerlandandexplainhisdoctrinestothepope;

    theeeror;tythreecardinals;thirtythreearchbishopsandbishops;

    onehundredandfiftyabbotsandrethanahundredprincesand

    dukestheirchurch

    inthe;francehadbeenfightingforahundredyearsthat

    sheghtdrivetheenglishfroerterritoriesandjustthenwas

    savedfrotterdefeatbythefortunateappearanceofjoanofarc

    andnosoonerhadthisstruggleetoanendthanfranceandburgundy

    eachothersthroats;engageduponastruggleoflifeanddeath

    forthesuprecyofeeurope

    inthesouth;apopeatrohecursesof

    heavendoavignon;

    insouthefrance;andaliatedinkindinthe

    fareasttheturksnantsofthe

    roneireandtherussianshadstarteduponafinal

    crusadetocrushthepoasters

    butofallthis;brotherthosinhisquietcellnever

    heardhehadhisnuscriptsandhisohoughtsand

    heentedhepouredhisloveofgodintoalittle

    voluhecalledittheitationofchristithassince

    beentranslatedintorelanguagesthananyotherbook

    savethebibleithasbeenreadbyquiteasnypeople

    aseverstudiedtheholyscripturesithasinfluencedthe

    livesofuntlessl
………………………………

第49节

    lionsanditan

    ple

    ightquietlyspendhisdayssittinginalittle

    erhalittlebook

    goodbrotherthosrepresentedthepurestidealsofthe

    ddleagessurroundedonallsidesbytheforcesofthe

    viing

    theingofdetis;theddleagesgathered

    strengthforalastsallynasteriesednks

    gaveupthehabitsofrichesandvicesile;straightforward

    andhonestn;bytheexaleoftheirblaless

    anddevoutlives;triedtobringthepeoplebacktothewaysof

    righteousnessandhuleresignationtothe

    alltonoavailthehesegoodpeople

    thedaysofquietditationeraof

    ‘‘expressionhadbegun

    hereandnoesaythatiaorrythatistuse

    sony‘‘bighatiuldethishistoryin

    itcannotbedoneyoucannot

    etryhoutreferencetoahypotenuse

    andtrianglesandarectangularparallelopipedyou

    silyhavetoleaeanordohout

    theticsinhistoryandinalllifeyouually

    beobligedtoleatheaningofnystrangewordsof

    latinandgreekorigindoitnow

    hattherenaissancewasaneraofexpression;

    ianthis:peopleentedtobethe

    audienceandsitstillperorandthepopetold

    theodoandtothinktheyedtobeactors

    uponthestageoflifetheyinsistedupongiving‘‘expression

    totheiroanhappenedtobeinterested

    instatesnshipliketheflorentinehistorian;niclo

    cchiavelli;thenhe‘‘expressedhielfinhisbooksh

    revealedhisoateandanefficient

    rulerifontheotherhandhehadalikingforpainting;he

    ‘‘expressedhisloveforbeautifullinesandlovelyloursin

    thepicturesadethenasofgiotto;fraangeli;

    rafaelandathousandothershouseholdwordswherever

    peoplehaveleaedtocareforthosethingshexpress

    atrueandlastingbeauty

    ifthisloveforlourandlinehappenedtobebinedh

    aninterestinchanicsandhydraulics;theresultwasaleonardo

    davinci;entedh

    hisballoonsandflyingchines;drainedthershesofthe

    loardianplainsand‘‘expressedhisjoyandinterestinall

    thingsbethinprose;inpainting;in

    sculptureandincuriouslynceivedenginesanof

    giganticstrength;likechaelangelo;foundthebrushand

    thepalettetoosoftforhisstronghands;hetuedtosculpture

    andtoarchitecture;andhackedthestterrificcreaturesout

    ofheavybloarbleanddreheplansforthechurch

    ofstpeter;thestncrete‘‘expressionoftheglories

    ofthetriuhantchurchandsoit

    allitalyandverysoonallofeuropeh

    nandenightaddtheirteto

    thesuotalofouracculatedtreasuresofknowledgeand

    beautyandingey;intheainz;johann

    zuansefleisch;nlyknoenberg;had

    justinventedaneethodofpyingbookshehadstudied

    theoldbyhindividual

    lettersofsoftleaduldbeplacedinsuchahat

    theyfordistrue;hesoonlost

    allhisneyinalaodohtheoriginal

    inventionofthepresshediedinpoverty;butthe‘‘expression

    ofhisparticularinventivegeniuslivedafterhi

    soonaldusinveniceandetienneinparisandplantinin

    antheh

    carefullyeditededitionsoftheclassicsprintedinthegothic

    lettersofthegutenbergbible;orprintedintheitaliantype

    hisbook;orprintedingreekletters;orin

    hebrew

    thentheetheeageraudienceofthose

    ethingtosaythedaywhenleainghadbeen

    anopolyofaprivilegedfeetoanendandthe

    lastexthisworld;when

    elzevierofhaarleegantoprinthischeapandpopular

    editionsthenaristotleandplato;virgilandhoraceand

    pliny;allthegoodlypanyoftheancientauthorsand

    philosophersandsansfaithful

    friendinexhad

    deallnfreeandequalbeforetheprintedword

    thegreatdisveries

    butnohatpeoplehadbroken

    throughthebondsoftheiarrow

    diaevallitations;theyhadto

    havererooortheirwanderings

    theeuropeanworldhad

    groallfortheiraitions

    iteofthegreat

    voyagesofdisvery

    thecrusadeshadbeenalessonintheliberalartoftravelling

    butveryfeuredbeyondthewell

    knovenicetojaffeinthe

    thirteentherchantsofvenice;

    hadongoliandesertandafter

    oon;theyhadfoundtheir

    ighty

    eerorofe

    ofr;hadtenabookabouttheiradventures;h

    veredaperiodofrethantyyearstheastonished

    hisdescriptionsofthegoldentowersof

    thestrangeislandofzipangu;alianwayof

    spellingjapannypeoplehadedtogoeast;that

    theyghtfindthisgoldlandandgrothetripwas

    toofarandtoodangerousandsotheystayedatho

    ofurse;thereakingthe

    voyagebyseabuttheseaiddle

    agesandfoyverygoodreasonsinthefirstplace;ships

    allthevesselsonadehis

    faustriparoundtheanyyears;were

    notaslargeasadeferryboattheycarriedfroy

    tofiftyn;erstoolooallowany

    oftheostandupstraightandthesailorso

    eatpoorlyokedfoodasthekitchenarrangentswerevery

    badandnofireuldbedeheherhe

    leastbitroughthediaevalopickleherring

    andhoodryfishbutthereannedgoods

    andfreshvegetableshebilloffareas

    soonastheasthadbeenleftb
………………………………

第50节

    ehinderarriedin

    sllbarrelsitsoonbecastaleandthentastedofrotten

    ygrohingsas

    thepeopleoftheddleageskneicrobes

    rogerban;theleaednkofthethirteenthcentury

    seetohavesuspectedtheirexistence;buthe

    hisdisverytohielftheyoftendrankuncleanerand

    sotistheyphoidfeverindeedthe

    rtalityonboardtheshipsoftheearliestnavigatorswas

    terribleofthetheyear1519left

    sevilletoaousvoyagearound

    theeenretuedaslateastheseventeenth

    centuryhereradebeteeurope

    andtheindies;artalityof40percenthingunusual

    foratripfroterdaobataviaandbackthegreater

    partofthesevictidiedofscurvy;adiseasehiscaused

    bylackoffreshvegetablesandsand

    poisonstheblooduntilthepatientdiesofsheerexhaustion

    underthosecircutancesyouandthatthesea

    didnotattraous

    disvererslikegellanandluusandvasdaga

    travelledattheheadofcreostentirelyposed

    ofexjailbirds;futurerderersandpickpocketsout

    ofajob

    thesenavigatorsirationforthe

    urageandthepluckplishedtheir

    hopelesstasksinthefaceofdifficultiesofhepeopleof

    ourofortableiontheir

    shipssysincetheddle

    ofthethirteenthesortofa

    passetoeuropefrohinabywayof

    arabiaandthecrusadesbuttheyhadverybadandinrrect

    pstheysettheirursebygodandbyguessifluck

    theyretuedafteroneorthreeyears

    intheotherainedbehindon

    solonelybeachbuttheybled

    ureand

    allthesuffering;thethirstandthehungerandthepainwere

    forgottenoutlinesofane

    ortheplacidersofanoceanthathadlainforgottensince

    thebeginningofti

    againiakethisbookathousandpages

    longthesubjectoftheearlydisveriesissofascinating

    buthistory;togiveyouatrueideaofpasttis;shouldbe

    likethoseetchingsbrandtusedtokeitshould

    portantcauses;onthoseh

    arebestandgreatestalltherestshouldbeleftintheshadow

    orshouldbeindicatedbyafehischapteri

    ostiortantdisveries

    keepinndthatallduringthefourteenthandfifteenth

    centuriesthenavigatorsplishjustone

    thingtheyfortableandsaferoadtothe

    eireofcathaychina;totheislandofzipangujapan

    andtothosesteriousislands;hespicesh

    thediaevaletolikesincethedaysofthe

    crusades;andhosedaysbeforethe

    introductionofldstorage;eatandfishspoiledvery

    quicklyanduldonlybeeatenafteraliberalsprinklingof

    pepperoutg

    theveiansandthegenoesehadbeenthegreatnavigators

    ofthediterranean;butthehonourforexploringthe

    astoftheatlanticgoestotheportuguesespainandportugal

    hatpatrioticenergyheirageold

    struggleagainsttheorishinvadershaddevelopedsuch

    energy;onceitexists;caneasilybeforcedintonehannels

    inthethirteenthcentury;kingalphonsoiiihadnquered

    thekingdofalgarveinthesoutheerofthe

    spanishpeninsulaandhadaddedittohisdonionsinthe

    nextcentury;theportuguesehadtuedthetablesonthe

    haedans;hadcrossedthestraitsofgibraltarandhad

    takenpossessionofceuta;oppositethearabiccityoftarifa

    aeans‘‘inventoryandhbyway

    ofthespanishlanguagehasedoousas‘‘tariff;and

    tangiers;ethecapitalofanafricanadditionto

    algarve

    theyobegintheircareerasexplorers

    intheyear1415;princehenry;knohe

    navigator;thesonofjohniofportugalandphilippa;the

    daughterofjohnofgauntaboutyoucanreadin

    richardii;aplaybyshakespearebegantoke

    preparationsforthesysteticexplorationofnorthe

    africabeforethis;thathotandsandyasthadbeenvisited

    bythephoenien;eeredit

    asthehoofthehairy‘‘ao

    knohegorillaoneafterano
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