〃One hundred and nine francs fifteen sous。
And how long did it take you to earn that？〃
〃Nineteen years。〃
〃Nineteen years！〃
The Bishop sighed deeply。
The man continued：
〃I have still the whole of my money。 In four days I have spent only twenty…five sous； which I earned by helping unload some wagons at Grasse。
Since you are an abbe； I will tell you that we had a chaplain in the galleys。
And one day I saw a bishop there。
Monseigneur is what they call him。
He was the Bishop of Majore at Marseilles。
He is the cure who rules over the other cures； you understand。
Pardon me； I say that very badly； but it is such a far…off thing to me！
You understand what we are！ He said mass in the middle of the galleys； on an altar。
He had a pointed thing； made of gold； on his head； it glittered in the bright light of midday。
We were all ranged in lines on the three sides； with cannons with lighted matches facing us。
We could not see very well。
He spoke； but he was too far off； and we did not hear。 That is what a bishop is like。〃
While he was speaking； the Bishop had gone and shut the door； which had remained wide open。
Madame Magloire returned。
She brought a silver fork and spoon； which she placed on the table。
〃Madame Magloire；〃 said the Bishop； 〃place those things as near the fire as possible。〃
And turning to his guest：
〃The night wind is harsh on the Alps。
You must be cold； sir。〃
Each time that he uttered the word sir； in his voice which was so gently grave and polished； the man's face lighted up。
Monsieur to a convict is like a glass of water to one of the shipwrecked of the Medusa。 Ignominy thirsts for consideration。
〃This lamp gives a very bad light；〃 said the Bishop。
Madame Magloire understood him； and went to get the two silver candlesticks from the chimney…piece in Monseigneur's bed…chamber； and placed them； lighted； on the table。
〃Monsieur le Cure；〃 said the man； 〃you are good； you do not despise me。 You receive me into your house。
You light your candles for me。 Yet I have not concealed from you whence I e and that I am an unfortunate man。〃
The Bishop； who was sitting close to him； gently touched his hand。 〃You could not help telling me who you were。
This is not my house； it is the house of Jesus Christ。
This door does not demand of him who enters whether he has a name； but whether he has a grief。 You suffer； you are hungry and thirsty； you are wele。 And do not thank me； do not say that I receive you in my house。 No one is at home here； except the man who needs a refuge。 I say to you； who are passing by； that you are much more at home here than I am myself。
Everything here is yours。
What need have I to know your name？
Besides； before you told me you had one which I knew。〃
The man opened his eyes in astonishment。
〃Really？
You knew what I was called？〃
〃Yes；〃 replied the Bishop； 〃you are called my brother。〃
〃Stop； Monsieur le Cure；〃 exclaimed the man。
〃I was very hungry when I entered here； but you are so good； that I no longer know what has happened to me。〃
The Bishop looked at him； and said；
〃You have suffered much？〃
〃Oh； the red coat； the ball on the ankle； a plank to sleep on； heat； cold； toil； the convicts； the thrashings； the double chain for nothing； the cell for one word； even sick and in bed； still the chain！
Dogs； dogs are happier！
Nineteen years！
I am forty…six。 Now there is the yellow passport。
That is what it is like。〃
〃Yes；〃 resumed the Bishop； 〃you have e from a very sad place。 Listen。
There will be more joy in heaven over the tear…bathed face of a repentant sinner than over the white robes of a hundred just men。 If you emerge from that sad place with thoughts of hatred and of wrath against mankind； you are deserving of pity； if you emerge with thoughts of good…will and of peace； you are more worthy than any one of us。〃
In the meantime； Madame Magloire had served supper：
soup； made with water； oil； bread； and salt； a little bacon； a bit of mutton； figs； a fresh cheese； and a large loaf of rye bread。
She had； of her own accord； added to the Bishop's ordinary fare a bottle of his old Mauves wine。
The Bishop's face at once assumed that expression of gayety which is peculiar to hospitable natures。
〃To table！〃 he cried vivaciously。 As was his custom when a stranger supped with him； he made the man sit on his right。
Mademoiselle Baptistine； perfectly peaceable and natural； took her seat at his left。
The Bishop asked a blessing； then helped the soup himself； according to his custom。
The man began to eat with avidity。
All at once the Bishop said：
〃It strikes me there is something missing on this table。〃
Madame Magloire had； in fact； only placed the three sets of forks and spoons which were absolutely necessary。
Now； it was the usage of the house； when the Bishop had any one to supper； to lay out the whole six sets of silver on the table…clothan innocent ostentation。
This graceful semblance of luxury was a kind of child's play； which was full of charm in that gentle and severe household； which raised poverty into dignity。
Madame Magloire understood the remark； went out without saying a word； and a moment later the three sets of silver forks and spoons demanded by the Bishop were glittering upon the cloth； symmetrically arranged before the three persons seated at the table。
BOOK SECONDTHE FALL
CHAPTER IV
DETAILS CONCERNING THE CHEESE…DAIRIES OF PONTARLIER。
Now； in order to convey an idea of what passed at that table； we cannot do better than to transcribe here a passage from one of Mademoiselle Baptistine's letters to Madame Boischevron； wherein the conversation between the convict and the Bishop is described with ingenious minuteness。
〃。 。 。 This man paid no attention to any one。
He ate with the voracity of a starving man。
However； after supper he said：
〃‘Monsieur le Cure of the good God； all this is far too good for me； but I must say that the carters who would not allow me to eat with them keep a better table than you do。'
〃Between ourselves； the remark rather shocked me。
My brother replied：
〃‘They are more fatigued than I。'
〃‘No；' returned the man； ‘they have more money。
You are poor； I see that plainly。
You cannot be even a curate。
Are you really a cure？
Ah； if the good God were but just； you certainly ought to be a cure！'
〃‘The good God is more than just；' said my brother。
〃A moment later he added：
〃‘Monsieur Jean Valjean； is it to Pontarlier that you are going？'
〃‘With my road marked out for me。'
〃I think that is what the man said。
Then he went on：
〃‘I must be on my way by daybreak to…morrow。 Travelling is hard。 If the nights are cold； the days are hot。'
〃‘You are going to a good country；' said my brother。
‘During the Revolution my family was ruined。
I took refuge in Franche…te at first； and there I lived for some time by the toil of my hands。 My will was good。
I found plenty to occupy me。
One has only to choose。 There are paper mills； tanneries； distilleries； oil factories； watch factories on a large scale； steel mills； copper works； twenty iron foundries at least； four of which； situated at Lods； at Chatillon； at Audincourt； and at Beure； are tolerably large。'
〃I think I am not mistaken in saying that those are the names which my brother mentioned。
Then he interrupted himself and addressed me：
〃‘Have we not some relatives in those parts； my dear sister？'
〃I replied；
〃‘We did have some； among others； M。 de Lucenet； who was captain of the gates at Pontarlier under the old regime。'
〃‘Yes；' resumed my brother； ‘but in '93； one had no longer any relatives； one had only one's arms。
I worked。
They have； in the country of Pontarlier； whither you are going； Monsieur Valjean； a truly patriarchal and truly charming industry； my sister。 It is their cheese…dairies； which they call fruitieres。'
〃Then my brother； while urging the man to eat； explained to him； with great minuteness； what these fruitieres of Pontarlier were； that they were divided into two classes：
the big barns which belong to the rich； and where there are forty or fifty cows which produce from seven to eight thousand cheeses each summer； and the associated fruitieres； which belong to the poor； these are the peasants of mid…mountain； who hold their cows in mon； and share the proceeds。 ‘They engage the services of a cheese…maker； whom they call the grurin； the grurin receives the milk of the associates three times a day； and marks the quantity on a double tally。
It is towards the end of April that the work of the cheese…dairies begins； it is towards the middle of June that the cheese…makers drive their cows to the mountains。'
〃The man recovered his animation as he ate。
My brother made him drink that good Mauves wine； which he does not drink himself； because he says that wine is expensive。
My brother imparted all these details with that easy gayety of his with which you are acquainted； interspersing his words with graceful attentions to me。
He recurred frequently to that fortable trade of grurin； as though he wished the man to understand； without advising him directly and harshly； that this would afford him a refuge。
One thing struck me。 This man was what I have told you。
Well； neither during supper； nor during the entire evening； did my brother utter a single word； with the exception of a few words about Jesus when he entered； which could remind the man of what he was； nor of what my brother was。 To all appearances； it was an occasion for preaching him a little sermon； and of impressing the Bishop on the convict； so that a mark of the passage might remain behind。
This might have appeared to any one else who had this； unfortunate man in his hands to afford a chance to nourish his soul as well as his body； and to bestow upon him some reproach； seasoned with moralizing and advice； or a little miseration； with an exhortation to conduct himself better in the future。 My brother did not even ask him from what country he came； nor what was his history。
For in his history there is a fault； and my brother seemed to avoid everything which could remind him of it。
To such a point did he carry it； that at one time； when my brother was speaking of the mountaineers of Pontarlier； who exercise a gentle labor near heaven； and who； he added； are happy because they are innocent； he stopped short； fearing lest in this remark there might have escaped him something which might wound the man。 By dint of reflection； I think I have prehended what was passing in my brother's heart。
He was thinking； no doubt； that this man； whose name is Jean Valjean； had his misfortune only too vividly present in his mind； that the best thing was to divert him from it； and to make him believe； if only momentarily； that he was a person like any other； by treating him just in his ordinary way。
Is not this indeed； to understand charity well？
Is there not； dear Madame； somethi