sofitalytobedividedangtheelves;
gentlybuteffectivelypushedrolusaugustulus;the
lastoftheeerorshis
throne;andproe
theeasteeeror;hhisownaffairs;
regnisedhiandfortenyearsodoacerruledwas
leftoftheeprovinces
afeer;theodoric;kingoftheeastgoths;
invadedtheneedpatriurdered
odoacerathisoable;andestablishedagothic
kingdodsttheruinsofthepire
thispatriciatestatedidnotlastlonginthesixthcenturya
tleycrowdoflongobardsandsaxonsandslavsandavars
invadeditaly;destroyedthegothickingdoandestablished
aneethecapital
thenatlasttheierialcitysankintoastateofutter
neglectanddespairtheancientpalaceshadbeenplundered
tiandagaintheschoolshadbeenbueddohe
teachershadbeenstarvedtodeaththerichpeoplehadbeen
throoftheirvillasedbyevil
sllingandhairybarbarianstheroadshadfalleninto
deercehade
toastandstillcivilisationtheproductofthousandsofyears
ofpatientlaboronthepartofegyptiansandbabyloniansand
greeksandrons;anhighabovethe
stdaringdreaofhisearliestancestors;threatenedto
perishfroheentinent
itistruethatinthefareast;nstantinoplentinuedto
bethepireforanotherthousandyearsbut
ithardlyuntedasapartoftheeuropeanntinentits
interestslayintheeastitbegantoforgetitseorigin
graduallytheronlanguagehegreek
theronalphabetanlaten
ingreekcharactersandexplainedbygreekjudgesthe
eerorbecaanasiaticdespot;hegodlike
kingsofthebeshadbeenhevalleyofthe
nile;threethousandyearsbeforeissionariesofthe
byzantinechurchlookedforfreshfieldsofactivity;they
eastintothe
vastwildeessofrussia
asfortheerciesofthebarbarians
forturder;war;arson;plunderingwere
theorderofthedayohingandohingalonesaved
europefroletedestruaretutothedays
ofcavenandthehyena
thisblenanden
anycenturieshadnfessedtheelvesthefollowers
ofjesus;thecarpenterofnazareth;whohadbeen
killedthattheghtyroneireghtbesavedthe
troubleofastreetriotinalittlecitysohe
syrianfrontier
riseofthechurch
hoebecathecentreofthe
christianworld
theaverageintelligentronpire
hadtakenverylittleinterestinthegodsofhisfathers
afeesayearheple;butrelyasa
tterofcustohelookedonpatientlyhepeople
celebratedareligiousfestivalnprocessionbuthe
regardedtheinervaandneptuneas
sothingratherchildish;asurvivalfrohecrudedaysof
theearlyrepublian
asteredthehestoicsandtheepicureans
andtheothergreatphilosophersofathens
thisattitudedetheronaverytolerantnthe
goventinsistedthatallpeople;rons;foreigners;
greeks;babylonians;jeainout
totheigeoftheeerorostand
ineverytele;justasapictureofthepresidentofthe
unitedstatesisapttohanginanaricanpostofficebut
thisalityeaninggenerally
speakingeverybodyuldhonour;revereandadoreever
godshepleased;andasaresult;rohall
sortsofqueerlittletelesandsynagogues;dedicatedto
………………………………
第28节
the
ianandafricanandasiaticdivinities
eandbegan
topreachtheiean;
nobodyobjectedtheninthestreetstoppedandlistened
ro;thecapitaloftheandering
preainghisoysterystof
theselfappointedpriestsappealedtothesensesprosed
goldenreothefolloheir
oiculargodsoonthecrohestreetnoticed
thatthesocalledchristiansthefollohechristor
‘‘anointedspokeaverydifferentlanguagetheydidnot
appeartobeiressedbygreatrichesoranobleposition
theyextolledthebeautiesofpovertyandhulityandekness
theseade
rothestressoftheherinterestingto
listentoa‘‘steryoldpeopleintheheydayoftheir
glorythattheir
lastinghappiness
besides;thepreaysterytolddreadful
storiesofthefatethataedthoseolistento
thehetruegoditotakechances
ofursetheoldrongodsstillexisted;buthey
strongenoughtoprotecttheirfriendsagainstthepowersof
thisnedistant
asiapeoplebegantohavedoubtstheyretuedtolisten
tofurtherexplanationsoftheneerahey
begantoetthenandenhewordsof
jesustheyfoundtheerydifferentfroheaverage
ronprieststheyheywere
kindtoslavesandtoanilstheydidnottrytogainriches;
butgaveapleoftheirunselfish
livesforcednyronstoforsaketheoldreligion
theyjoinedthesllnitiesofchristiansetin
thebasofprivatehousesorsowhereinanopenfield;
andthetelesed
thisberofchristians
ntinuedtoincreasepresbytersorprieststheoriginal
greekant‘‘elderedtoguardtheinterestsof
thesllchurchesabishopadetheheadofallthe
nitieshinasingleprovincepeter;whohadfol
loe;eindue
tihissuccessorsherorpapa
catobeknownaspopes
thechurchbecaapopire
thechristiandoctrinesappealedtothosewhodespaired
ofthisanystrongnwho
founditiossibletokeacareerundertheierialgov
ent;butong
thehulefollohenazareeacheratlastthe
stateaneireihave
saidthisbeforeolerantthroughindifferenceitallowed
everybodytoseeksalvationafterhisorhero
itinsistedthatthedifferentseselves
andobeythelive
thechristiannitieshoopracticeany
sortoftolerancetheypubliclydeclaredthattheirgod;and
theirgodalone;hetruerulerofheavenandearth;
andthatallothergodspostersthisseedunfair
totheothersectsandthepolicedisuragedsuchutterances
thechristianspersisted
soonthereherdifficultiesthechristiansrefused
togothroughtheforlitiesofpayinghogetotheeeror
theyrefusedtoappearheyalledupon
tojointheartherongistratesthreatenedto
punishthethechristiansansiserable
toaverypleasantheavenand
thattheyorethanosufferdeathfortheir
priis
killedtheoffenders;butreoftentheydidnottherewas
acertainauntoflynchingduringtheearliestyearsofthe
church;butthisobh
accusedtheirekchristianneighboursofeverynceivable
cri;suchasslaughteringandeatingbabies;bringingabout
sicknessandpestilence;betrayingtheuntryintisofdanger
becauseitlesssportanddevoidofdanger;as
thechristiansrefusedtofightback
anentinuedtobeinvadedbythebarbarians
andiesfailed;christianssionaries
forthtopreachtheirgospelofpeacetotheons
theyenhoutfearofdeaththeyspokea
languagenodoubtastothefutureofunrepentant
sinnerstheteutonspressedtheystill
hadadeeprespee
thosenanstheyprobablyspokethetruth
soontheeapohesavage
regionsoftheteutonsandthefrankshalfadozenssionaries
entofsoldiers
theeerorsbegantounderstandthatthechristianght
beofgreatusetotheinsooftheprovincestheywere
givenequalrightsainedfaithfultotheold
godsthegreatchangehoeduringthelasthalf
ofthefourthcentury
nstantine;sotisheavenknoantine
thegreat;perorheerribleruffian;
butpeopleoftenderqualitiesuldhardlyhopetosurvive
inthathardfightingageduringalongandcheckeredcareer;
nstantinehadexperiencednyupsanddoe;
ostdefeatedbyhisenees;hethoughtthathewould
trythepoeverybodywas
talkingheprosedthathetooeachristian
ifheingbattlehehevictory
andthereafterhehepohechristian
godandalloselftobebaptised
frohatnton;thechristianchurchially
regnisedandthisgreatlystrengthenedthepositionofthe
neh
buttheedaverysllnorityof
allthepeople;notrethanfiveorsixpercent;andinorder
toprosetheold
godsstbedestroyedforashortspelltheeerorjulian;
aloverofgreek;nagedtosavethepagangods
frourtherdestructionbutjuliandiedofhiswoundsduring
acaaigninpersiaandhissuccessorjovianreestablished
thechurchinallitsgloryoneaftertheotherthedoorsofthe
ancienttelesetheeeror
justinian
………………………………
第29节
thechurchofsaintsophiainnstantinople;
inuedtheschoolofphilosophyatathens
o
thatan
hadbeenallohisown
dreaaevaguerules
ofnductofthephilosophershadprovedapoorpass
byosteertheshipoflifeafteradelugeofsavagery
andignorancehadsaheestablishedorderofthings
thereethingrepositiveandredefinite
thisthechurchprovided
duringanagehingain;thechurchstood
likearockandneverrecededfrohoseprinciples
heldtobetrueandsacredthissteadfasturagegainedthe
adrationoftheltitudesande
safelythroughthedifficultiesanstate
thereentofluckinthefinal
successofthechristianfaithafterthedisappearanceof
theodori;inthefifthcentury;
italyparativelyfreefrooreigninvasionthe
loardsandsaxonsandslavshegothswere
stancesitwas
possibleforthebishopsofrotointaintheindependence
oftheiantsoftheeire;scattered
throughoutthepeninsula;regnisedthedukesofroor
bishopsastheirpoliticalandspiritualrulers
thestagean
hecaintheyear590andhisnawasgregoryhebelonged
totherulinge;andhehad
been‘‘prefeayorofthecitythenhehadbee
ankandabishopandfinally;andchagainsthiswill;
forheissionaryandpreachchristianityto
theheathenofengland;hehadbeendraggedtothechurch
ofsaintpetertobedepopeheruledonlyfourteen
yearsbuthechristianeeurope
hadoffie;thepopes;as
theheadoftheentirechurch
thispoextendtotheeastin
nstantinopletheeerorsntinuedtheoldcustohad
regnisedthesuccessorsofaugustusandtiberiusbothas
headofthegoventandashighpriestoftheestablished
religionintheyear1453theeasteroneirewas
nqueredbytheturksnstantinopleaken;andnstantine
paleologue;thelastroneeror;waskilledon
thestepsofthechurchoftheholysophia
afehedaughterofhisbrother
thos;hadrriedivaniiiofrussiainthishe
granddukesofsothetraditionsofnstantinople
thedoubleeagleofoldbyzantiueniscentof
thedaysehadbeendividedintoaneasteanda
etheatofarofderussia
thetsarerelythefirstoftherussiannobles;
assudthealoofnessandthedignityofaroneeror
beforeallsubjects;bothhighandloonsiderable
slaves
theurtertheorientalpatteh
theeasteeerorshadiortedfrosiaandfrogypt
andselvesreseledtheurt
ofalexanderthegreatthisstrangeinheritancehe
dyingbyzantineeirebequeathedtoanunsuspectingworld
ntinuedtoliveorecenturies;
adstthevastplainsofrussiathelastntohe
crohthedoubleeagleofnstantinople;tsaicholas;
urderedonlytheotherday;sotospeakhisbodywas
throoaerswereallkilled
allhisancientrightsandprerogativeshe
churche
beforethedaysofnstantine
theeastechurchholy;aswe
shallseeinthenextchapterheianworldis
goingtobethreatenedhdestructionbytherivalcreedof
anarabcaldriver
haed
ahd;thecaldriver;e
theprophetofthearabiandesert
andost
nqueredtheentireknownworld
forthegreatergloryofallah;the
onlytruegod
sincethedaysofcarthageandhannibalwehavesaid
nothingofthesetiberhohey
filledallthechaptersdevotedtothestoryoftheancientworld
thebabylonians;theassyrians;thephoenicians;thejews;
thearaans;thesetes;hadbeen
therulersofeasiaforthirtyorfortycenturiesthey
hadbeennqueredbytheindoeurope
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