《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第8部分


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    sofitalytobedividedangtheelves;

    gentlybuteffectivelypushedrolusaugustulus;the

    lastoftheeerorshis

    throne;andproe

    theeasteeeror;hhisownaffairs;

    regnisedhiandfortenyearsodoacerruledwas

    leftoftheeprovinces

    afeer;theodoric;kingoftheeastgoths;

    invadedtheneedpatriurdered

    odoacerathisoable;andestablishedagothic

    kingdodsttheruinsofthepire

    thispatriciatestatedidnotlastlonginthesixthcenturya

    tleycrowdoflongobardsandsaxonsandslavsandavars

    invadeditaly;destroyedthegothickingdoandestablished

    aneethecapital

    thenatlasttheierialcitysankintoastateofutter

    neglectanddespairtheancientpalaceshadbeenplundered

    tiandagaintheschoolshadbeenbueddohe

    teachershadbeenstarvedtodeaththerichpeoplehadbeen

    throoftheirvillasedbyevil

    sllingandhairybarbarianstheroadshadfalleninto

    deercehade

    toastandstillcivilisationtheproductofthousandsofyears

    ofpatientlaboronthepartofegyptiansandbabyloniansand

    greeksandrons;anhighabovethe

    stdaringdreaofhisearliestancestors;threatenedto

    perishfroheentinent

    itistruethatinthefareast;nstantinoplentinuedto

    bethepireforanotherthousandyearsbut

    ithardlyuntedasapartoftheeuropeanntinentits

    interestslayintheeastitbegantoforgetitseorigin

    graduallytheronlanguagehegreek

    theronalphabetanlaten

    ingreekcharactersandexplainedbygreekjudgesthe

    eerorbecaanasiaticdespot;hegodlike

    kingsofthebeshadbeenhevalleyofthe

    nile;threethousandyearsbeforeissionariesofthe

    byzantinechurchlookedforfreshfieldsofactivity;they

    eastintothe

    vastwildeessofrussia

    asfortheerciesofthebarbarians

    forturder;war;arson;plunderingwere

    theorderofthedayohingandohingalonesaved

    europefroletedestruaretutothedays

    ofcavenandthehyena

    thisblenanden

    anycenturieshadnfessedtheelvesthefollowers

    ofjesus;thecarpenterofnazareth;whohadbeen

    killedthattheghtyroneireghtbesavedthe

    troubleofastreetriotinalittlecitysohe

    syrianfrontier

    riseofthechurch

    hoebecathecentreofthe

    christianworld

    theaverageintelligentronpire

    hadtakenverylittleinterestinthegodsofhisfathers

    afeesayearheple;butrelyasa

    tterofcustohelookedonpatientlyhepeople

    celebratedareligiousfestivalnprocessionbuthe

    regardedtheinervaandneptuneas

    sothingratherchildish;asurvivalfrohecrudedaysof

    theearlyrepublian

    asteredthehestoicsandtheepicureans

    andtheothergreatphilosophersofathens

    thisattitudedetheronaverytolerantnthe

    goventinsistedthatallpeople;rons;foreigners;

    greeks;babylonians;jeainout

    totheigeoftheeerorostand

    ineverytele;justasapictureofthepresidentofthe

    unitedstatesisapttohanginanaricanpostofficebut

    thisalityeaninggenerally

    speakingeverybodyuldhonour;revereandadoreever

    godshepleased;andasaresult;rohall

    sortsofqueerlittletelesandsynagogues;dedicatedto
………………………………

第28节

    the

    ianandafricanandasiaticdivinities

    eandbegan

    topreachtheiean;

    nobodyobjectedtheninthestreetstoppedandlistened

    ro;thecapitaloftheandering

    preainghisoysterystof

    theselfappointedpriestsappealedtothesensesprosed

    goldenreothefolloheir

    oiculargodsoonthecrohestreetnoticed

    thatthesocalledchristiansthefollohechristor

    ‘‘anointedspokeaverydifferentlanguagetheydidnot

    appeartobeiressedbygreatrichesoranobleposition

    theyextolledthebeautiesofpovertyandhulityandekness

    theseade

    rothestressoftheherinterestingto

    listentoa‘‘steryoldpeopleintheheydayoftheir

    glorythattheir

    lastinghappiness

    besides;thepreaysterytolddreadful

    storiesofthefatethataedthoseolistento

    thehetruegoditotakechances

    ofursetheoldrongodsstillexisted;buthey

    strongenoughtoprotecttheirfriendsagainstthepowersof

    thisnedistant

    asiapeoplebegantohavedoubtstheyretuedtolisten

    tofurtherexplanationsoftheneerahey

    begantoetthenandenhewordsof

    jesustheyfoundtheerydifferentfroheaverage

    ronprieststheyheywere

    kindtoslavesandtoanilstheydidnottrytogainriches;

    butgaveapleoftheirunselfish

    livesforcednyronstoforsaketheoldreligion

    theyjoinedthesllnitiesofchristiansetin

    thebasofprivatehousesorsowhereinanopenfield;

    andthetelesed

    thisberofchristians

    ntinuedtoincreasepresbytersorprieststheoriginal

    greekant‘‘elderedtoguardtheinterestsof

    thesllchurchesabishopadetheheadofallthe

    nitieshinasingleprovincepeter;whohadfol

    loe;eindue

    tihissuccessorsherorpapa

    catobeknownaspopes

    thechurchbecaapopire

    thechristiandoctrinesappealedtothosewhodespaired

    ofthisanystrongnwho

    founditiossibletokeacareerundertheierialgov

    ent;butong

    thehulefollohenazareeacheratlastthe

    stateaneireihave

    saidthisbeforeolerantthroughindifferenceitallowed

    everybodytoseeksalvationafterhisorhero

    itinsistedthatthedifferentseselves

    andobeythelive

    thechristiannitieshoopracticeany

    sortoftolerancetheypubliclydeclaredthattheirgod;and

    theirgodalone;hetruerulerofheavenandearth;

    andthatallothergodspostersthisseedunfair

    totheothersectsandthepolicedisuragedsuchutterances

    thechristianspersisted

    soonthereherdifficultiesthechristiansrefused

    togothroughtheforlitiesofpayinghogetotheeeror

    theyrefusedtoappearheyalledupon

    tojointheartherongistratesthreatenedto

    punishthethechristiansansiserable

    toaverypleasantheavenand

    thattheyorethanosufferdeathfortheir

    priis

    killedtheoffenders;butreoftentheydidnottherewas

    acertainauntoflynchingduringtheearliestyearsofthe

    church;butthisobh

    accusedtheirekchristianneighboursofeverynceivable

    cri;suchasslaughteringandeatingbabies;bringingabout

    sicknessandpestilence;betrayingtheuntryintisofdanger

    becauseitlesssportanddevoidofdanger;as

    thechristiansrefusedtofightback

    anentinuedtobeinvadedbythebarbarians

    andiesfailed;christianssionaries

    forthtopreachtheirgospelofpeacetotheons

    theyenhoutfearofdeaththeyspokea

    languagenodoubtastothefutureofunrepentant

    sinnerstheteutonspressedtheystill

    hadadeeprespee

    thosenanstheyprobablyspokethetruth

    soontheeapohesavage

    regionsoftheteutonsandthefrankshalfadozenssionaries

    entofsoldiers

    theeerorsbegantounderstandthatthechristianght

    beofgreatusetotheinsooftheprovincestheywere

    givenequalrightsainedfaithfultotheold

    godsthegreatchangehoeduringthelasthalf

    ofthefourthcentury

    nstantine;sotisheavenknoantine

    thegreat;perorheerribleruffian;

    butpeopleoftenderqualitiesuldhardlyhopetosurvive

    inthathardfightingageduringalongandcheckeredcareer;

    nstantinehadexperiencednyupsanddoe;

    ostdefeatedbyhisenees;hethoughtthathewould

    trythepoeverybodywas

    talkingheprosedthathetooeachristian

    ifheingbattlehehevictory

    andthereafterhehepohechristian

    godandalloselftobebaptised

    frohatnton;thechristianchurchially

    regnisedandthisgreatlystrengthenedthepositionofthe

    neh

    buttheedaverysllnorityof

    allthepeople;notrethanfiveorsixpercent;andinorder

    toprosetheold

    godsstbedestroyedforashortspelltheeerorjulian;

    aloverofgreek;nagedtosavethepagangods

    frourtherdestructionbutjuliandiedofhiswoundsduring

    acaaigninpersiaandhissuccessorjovianreestablished

    thechurchinallitsgloryoneaftertheotherthedoorsofthe

    ancienttelesetheeeror

    justinian
………………………………

第29节

    thechurchofsaintsophiainnstantinople;

    inuedtheschoolofphilosophyatathens

    o

    thatan

    hadbeenallohisown

    dreaaevaguerules

    ofnductofthephilosophershadprovedapoorpass

    byosteertheshipoflifeafteradelugeofsavagery

    andignorancehadsaheestablishedorderofthings

    thereethingrepositiveandredefinite

    thisthechurchprovided

    duringanagehingain;thechurchstood

    likearockandneverrecededfrohoseprinciples

    heldtobetrueandsacredthissteadfasturagegainedthe

    adrationoftheltitudesande

    safelythroughthedifficultiesanstate

    thereentofluckinthefinal

    successofthechristianfaithafterthedisappearanceof

    theodori;inthefifthcentury;

    italyparativelyfreefrooreigninvasionthe

    loardsandsaxonsandslavshegothswere

    stancesitwas

    possibleforthebishopsofrotointaintheindependence

    oftheiantsoftheeire;scattered

    throughoutthepeninsula;regnisedthedukesofroor

    bishopsastheirpoliticalandspiritualrulers

    thestagean

    hecaintheyear590andhisnawasgregoryhebelonged

    totherulinge;andhehad

    been‘‘prefeayorofthecitythenhehadbee

    ankandabishopandfinally;andchagainsthiswill;

    forheissionaryandpreachchristianityto

    theheathenofengland;hehadbeendraggedtothechurch

    ofsaintpetertobedepopeheruledonlyfourteen

    yearsbuthechristianeeurope

    hadoffie;thepopes;as

    theheadoftheentirechurch

    thispoextendtotheeastin

    nstantinopletheeerorsntinuedtheoldcustohad

    regnisedthesuccessorsofaugustusandtiberiusbothas

    headofthegoventandashighpriestoftheestablished

    religionintheyear1453theeasteroneirewas

    nqueredbytheturksnstantinopleaken;andnstantine

    paleologue;thelastroneeror;waskilledon

    thestepsofthechurchoftheholysophia

    afehedaughterofhisbrother

    thos;hadrriedivaniiiofrussiainthishe

    granddukesofsothetraditionsofnstantinople

    thedoubleeagleofoldbyzantiueniscentof

    thedaysehadbeendividedintoaneasteanda

    etheatofarofderussia

    thetsarerelythefirstoftherussiannobles;

    assudthealoofnessandthedignityofaroneeror

    beforeallsubjects;bothhighandloonsiderable

    slaves

    theurtertheorientalpatteh

    theeasteeerorshadiortedfrosiaandfrogypt

    andselvesreseledtheurt

    ofalexanderthegreatthisstrangeinheritancehe

    dyingbyzantineeirebequeathedtoanunsuspectingworld

    ntinuedtoliveorecenturies;

    adstthevastplainsofrussiathelastntohe

    crohthedoubleeagleofnstantinople;tsaicholas;

    urderedonlytheotherday;sotospeakhisbodywas

    throoaerswereallkilled

    allhisancientrightsandprerogativeshe

    churche

    beforethedaysofnstantine

    theeastechurchholy;aswe

    shallseeinthenextchapterheianworldis

    goingtobethreatenedhdestructionbytherivalcreedof

    anarabcaldriver

    haed

    ahd;thecaldriver;e

    theprophetofthearabiandesert

    andost

    nqueredtheentireknownworld

    forthegreatergloryofallah;the

    onlytruegod

    sincethedaysofcarthageandhannibalwehavesaid

    nothingofthesetiberhohey

    filledallthechaptersdevotedtothestoryoftheancientworld

    thebabylonians;theassyrians;thephoenicians;thejews;

    thearaans;thesetes;hadbeen

    therulersofeasiaforthirtyorfortycenturiesthey

    hadbeennqueredbytheindoeurope
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