thesuddenlytheyhoistedtheflagof
independenceinthereatheancientpeloponnesusanddrove
theturkishgarrisonsaheusual
fashiontheytookthegreekpatriarchofnstantinople;
heirpopebothbythegreeksandby
nyrussians;andtheyhangedhineastersundayofthe
year1821;togetherberofhisbishopsthegreeks
ohaedansin
tripolitsa;theoreaandtheturksretaliated
byanattackupontheislandofchios;urdered
25;000christiansandsold45;000othersasslavesintoasiaand
egypt
thenthegreeksappealedtotheeuropeanurts;but
tteiinsonyhattheyuld‘‘stew
intheironottryingtokeapun;buti
auotinghisserenehighnessedthetsarthat
this‘‘fireofrevoltoughttobuitselfoutbeyondthepale
ofcivilisationandthefrontiersothosevolunteers
ogototherescueofthepatriotichellenes
theircauseseedlostattherequestofturkey;anegyptian
aroreaandsoontheturkishflag
theacropolis;theancientstrongholdof
athenstheegyptianarthenpacifiedtheuntry‘‘ala
turque;andtteichfolloheproceedingshquiet
interest;aptagainstthepeace
ofeuropeshouldbeathingofthepast
oncereithisplansthe
greatestgloryofenglanddoesnotlieinhervastlonial
possessions;inher
andindependenan
obeysthelahatrespectfortherightsof
othersrksthedifferencebetivilised
societybuthedoesnotregnizetherightofotherstointerfere
ofthoughtifhisuntrydoessothing
obesupandsaysso
andthegoventandwill
givehiullproteoboday;asin
thetiofsocrates;oftenlovestodestroythosewhosurpass
itinurageorintelligencethereneverhasbeenagood
cause;hoant;
untedanuerofenglishnangitsstaunchestadherents
thessoftheenglishpeoplearenotdifferentfrobr 》
thoseinotherlandstheysticktothebusinessathandand
havenotiforunpractical‘‘sportingventuresbutthey
ratheradretheireccentrieighbourhing
togoandfightforsoobscurepeopleinasiaorafricaand
afinepublicfuneraland
holdhiptotheirchildrenasanexaleofvalorandchivalry
eventhepolicespiesoftheholyalliancewerepowerless
againstthisnationalcharacteristicintheyear1824;lord
byron;ariahepoetryover
;hoistedthesailsofhisyachtandstarted
southtohelpthegreeksthreenthslaterthenewsspread
througheuropethattheirherolaydeadinssolonghi;
thelastofthegreekstrongholdshislonelydeath
caughttheiginationofthepeopleinalluntries;societies
edtohelpthegreekslafayette;thegrandold
nofthearicanrevolution;pleadedtheircauseinfrance
thekingofbavariasenthundredsofhisofficersneyand
suppliespouredinuponthestarvingnofssolonghi
inengland;georgecanning;edtheplans
oftheholyallianerica;enis
terhesaatetteichforasend
titheenglishandrussianfleetshe
diterraneantheyentshdared
nolongersuppressthepopularenthusiasorthecauseofthe
greekpatriotsthefrenchnavyappearedbecausefrance;
sinedtheroleofthe
defenderofthedanlandsonoctober
20oftheyear1827;theshipsofthethreenationsattacked
theturkishfleetinthebayofnavarinoanddestroyedit
rarelyhasthelebeenreceivedhsuchgeneral
rejoicingthepeopleofeeuropeandrussiawho
enjoyednofreedothonsoledtheelvesbyfighting
aniginaryyonbehalfoftheoppressedgreeks
intheyear1829theyhadtheirreean
independentnationandthepolicyofreactionandstability
suffereditssendgreatdefeat
ite;to
giveyouadetailedacuntofthestrugglefoational
independenberof
excellentbooksdevotedtosuchsubjectsihavedescribedthe
strugglefortheindependenceofgreecebecauseithefirst
successfulattackuponthebulionhengress
ofviennahadereaintainthestabilityofeurope
thatghtyfortressofsuppressionstillheldoutand
tteiandbuttheendwas
near
infranost
………………………………
第90节
unbearable
ruleofpoliceofficialsryingtoundothework
ofthefrenchrevolution;hanabsolutedisregardofthe
regulationsandlaivilisedwarfarewhenlouis
xviiidiedintheyear1824;thepeoplehadenjoyednine
yearsof‘‘peaceoreunhappythan
thetenyearsofpirelouisceededby
hisbrother;charlesx
louishadbelongedtothatfausbourbonfalyh;
althoughitneverleaedanything;neverforgotanything
therelleoinginthetowhen
neofthedecapitationofhisbrother;
reinedanstantighthappentothose
kingsesarightcharles;
ontheotherhand;anagedtorunupprivatedebtsof
fiftyllionfrancsbeforeheyyearsofage;knew
nothing;reerednothingandfiryintendedtolea
nothingassoonashehadsucceededhisbrother;heestablished
agovent‘‘bypriests;throughpriestsandfor
priests;andadethisrerk;
cannotbecalledaviolentliberal;charlesruledinsuch
ahathedisgustedeventhattrustedfriendoflawand
orderriedtosuppressthenehdared
toent;anddisssedtheparliantbecause
itsupportedthepress;hisdaysbered
onthenightofthe27thofjulyoftheyear1830;arevolution
tookplaenth;the
kingfledtotheastandsetsailforenglandinthisway
the‘‘fausfaretoanendandthe
bourbonsovedfrohethroneoffrance
theypetentfrancethenght
haveretuedtoarepubliofgovent;butsuch
astepetteich
thesituationhesparkofrebellion
hadleapedbeyondthefrenchfrontierandhadsetfireto
anotherpohnationalgrievancesthenew
kingdoftheherlandshadnotbeenasuccessthebelgian
andthedutonandtheir
king;oforangethedescendantofanuncleof
thesilent;an;
uchlackingintactandpliabilitytokeepthepeace
anghisunngenialsubjectsbesides;thehordeofpriests
oncefounditsway
intobelgiundtriedtodowas
hopt
uponthe‘‘freedofthecatholicchurchonthe25th
ofaugusttherebreakagainstthedutch
authoritiesinbrusselstonthslater;thebelgians
declaredtheelvesindependentandelectedleopoldofburg;
theuncleofqueenvictoriaofengland;tothethrone
thatsolutionofthedifficultythetwo
untries;tohavebeenunited;partedtheir
onyandbehaved
likedecentneighbours
nehosedayshererailroads;
travelledslohesuccessofthefrench
andthebelgianrevolutionistsbecaknohere
diateclashbethepolesandtheirrussian
rulersoayearofterribleha
pletevictoryfortherussiansablishedorderalong
thebanksofthevistulainthewellknownrussianfashion
nicholasthefirst;heralexanderin
1825;firybelievedinthedivinerightofhisoily;
andthethousandsofpolishrefugeeser
ineeuropeborenesstothefactthattheprinciples
oftheholyallianceorethanahollowphrasein
holyrussia
initalytoothereontofunrestrielouise
duaandereeroapoleon;
shehaddesertedafterthedefeatoferloo;was
drivenaheruntry;andinthepapalstatethe
exasperatedpeopletriedtoestablishanindependentrepublic
butthearesofaustriareandsoonevery
thingetteichntinuedtoresideattheball
platz;thehooftheforeignnisterofthehabsburg
dynasty;thepolicespiesretuedtotheirjob;andpeace
reignedsupreeighteenreyearsopassbeforea
sendandresuccessfulattetuldbedetodeliver
europefroheterribleinheritanceoftheviennangress
againitherevolutionaryherckof
europe;hesignalofrevoltcharlesxhadbeen
suousdukeof
orleansuedjabin;hadvotedforthedeathofhis
usintheking;andhadplayedaroleduringtheearlydays
oftherevolutionunderthenaof‘‘philippeegaliteor
‘‘equalityphilipeventuallyhehadbeenkilledwhen
robespierretriedtopurgethenationofall‘‘traitors;by
eheindicatedthosepeoplesharehisown
viethe
revolutionaryaryounglouisphilippethereuponhad
aughtschoolinszerland
andhadspentaupleofyearsexploringtheunknown‘‘far
ericaafterthefallofnapoleonhehadretued
toparisheuchreintelligentthanhisbourbon
usinsheplenaboutinthepublic
parksbrellaunderhisarfollowedbya
broodofchildrenlikeanygoodhousefatherbutfrancehad
outgrohekingbusinessandlouisdidnotknohisuntil
theingofthe24thoffebruary;oftheyear1848;when
aajestyawayand
proclaidtherepublic
heneetteich
expressedthecasualopinionthatthisition
oftheyear1793andthatthealliesorebeobliged
torakeanendtothisveryunseey
decraticroterhisoriancapital
thebthrough
thebaperorferdinandwas
forost
oftherevolutionaryprinciplesenisterhad
triedtosuppressforthelastthirtythreeyears
thistialleuropefelttheshockhungarydeclareditself
independent;andncedathehabsburgs
undertheleadershipoflouiskossuththeunequal
strugglelastedrethanayearitwasfinallysuppressedby
………………………………
第91节
thearesoftsaicholasarchedacrossthecarpathian
untainsanddehungaryonceresafeforautocracy
thehabsburgsthereuponestablishedextraordinary
urtrtialsandhangedthegreaterpartofthehungarian
patriotstheyhadnotbeenabletodefeatinopenbattle
asforitaly;theislandofsicilydeclareditselfindependent
froaplesanddroveitsbourbonkingahepapal
statestheprinister;rossi;urderedandthepope
ofleeheretuedthenextyearattheheadofa
frencharainedinrotoprotecthisholiness
againsthissubjectsuntiltheyear1870thenitwas
calledbacktodefendfranceagainsttheprussians;and
robeilanand
veniasterstheyed
bykingalbertofsardinia;butastrongaustrianar
underoldradetzkyrchedintothevalleyofthepo;defeated
thesardiniansnearcustozzaandnovaraandforced
alberttoabdianuel;who
afeerobethefirstkingofauniteditaly
ingeytheunrestoftheyear1848tooktheforfa
greatnationaldenstrationinfavourofpoliticalunityanda
representativeforfgoventinbavaria;thekingwho
hadeandneyuponanirishladywhoposedas
aspanishdancersheontezandliesburied
inersfieldheenraged
studentsoftheuniversityinprussia;thekingwas
forcedtostandhunveredheadbeforetheffinsofthose
isea
nstitutionalforfgoventandinrchoftheyear
1849;ageparliant;nsistingof550delegatesfrobr 》
allpartsoftheuntrycatogetherinfrankfortandproposed
thatkingfrederickofprussiashouldbethe
eerorofaunitedgey
then;hopetentferdinand
hadabdicatedinfavourofhisnepheisjoseph
theyhadreinedfaithfultotheir
anyofhe
habsburgs;afterthenatureofthatstrangelycatlikefaly;
oncerelandedupontheirfeetandrapidlystrengthened
theirpositionasthestersofeasteandeeurope
theyplayedthegaofpoliticsveryadroitlyandusedthe
jealousiesoftheothergestatestopreventtheelevation
oftheprussiankingtotheierialdignitytheirlongtrain
ingintheartofsufferingdefeathadtaughtthehevalueof
patiencetheyknee
andheliberals;utterlyuntrainedinpracticalpolitics;
talkedandtalkedandtalkedandgotintoxicatedbytheirown
finespeeissed
theparliantoffrankfortandreestablishedtheold
andiossiblegenfederationhengressof
viennahadingworld
butangthenent
ofunpracticalenthusiasts;therery
squirebythenaofbisrck;adegooduseofhis
eyesandearshehadadeepntetfororatoryheknew
anofactionhasalhatnothing
iseveracplishedbytalkinhisoere
patriothehadbeentrainedintheoldsacy
andheuldoutliehisopponentsjustasheuldo
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