《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

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人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第33部分


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    castlereagh;tteichandtalleyrandfullyunderstood

    thelitedabilitiesofthesentintalbaronessitwouldhave

    beeneasyfortteian

    estatesafeightynderoftheierial

    policeandthethingwasdone

    butfranceandenglandandaustriadependeduponthe

    goodaffordtooffendalexander

    andtheytoleratedthesillyoldbaronessbecausethey

    hadtoandheyregardedtheholyallianceasutter

    rubbishandnoththepaperuponten;

    theylistenedpatientlytothetsarthefirst

    roughdraftofthisattettoen

    uponabasisoftheholyscripturesforthisisthe

    holyallianent

    solelydeclaredthattheyinistrationof

    theirrespectivestatesandintheirpoliticalrelationshevery

    othergoventtakefortheirsoleguidethepreceptsofthat

    holyreligion;nalythepreceptsofjustice;christian

    charityandpeace;beingapplicableonlyto

    privatencessthavean
………………………………

第85节

    iediateinfluenceonthe

    unustguidealltheirstepsasbeingthe

    onlyansofnsolidatinghuninstitutionsandredying

    theirierfeiseeach

    otherthattheyainunited‘‘bythebondsofatrue

    andindissolublefrateity;andnsideringeachotheras

    felloen;theycasionsandinallplaces

    lendeaoreothe

    saeffect

    eventuallytheholyallianceperor

    ofaustria;understandaitwassigned

    bythebourbonshefriendshipofnapoleonsold

    eneesithekingofprussia;o

    gainalexanderforhisplansfora‘‘greaterprussia;andby

    allthelittlenationsofeuropeercyofrussia

    englandneversigned;becausecastlereaghthoughtthe

    bethepopedidnotsignbecausehe

    resentedthisinterferenceinhisbusinessbyagreekorthodox

    andaprotestantandthesultandidnotsignbecausehe

    neverheardofit

    thegeneralssoftheeuropeanpeople;however;soon

    otakenoticebehindthehollohe

    holyallianiesofthequintuplealliance

    ongthegreatpohese

    aresantbusinesstheyletitbeknohatthepeace

    ofeuropestnotbedisturbedbythesocalledliberalswho

    ynothingbutdisguisedjabins;andhopedfor

    aretuoftherevolutionarydaystheenthusiasorthe

    greationoftheyears1812;1818;1814and

    1815hadbeguntohadbeenfolloere

    beliefintheingofahappierdaythesoldierswhohad

    boethebruntofthebattleedpeaceandtheysaidso

    buttheydidnotthesortofpeaceheholy

    allianceandtheunciloftheeuropeanpowershadnow

    bestotheycriedthattheyhadbeenbetrayed

    buttheytheybeheardbyasecretpolicespy

    thereactionen

    ethodsessaryfor

    thegoodofhunitybutitashardtobearasif

    theirintentionshadbeenlesskindanditcausedagreatdeal

    ofunnecessarysufferingandgreatlyretardedtheorderly

    progressofpolitient

    thegreatreaction

    theytriedtoassuretheworldanera

    ofundisturbedpeacebysuppressing

    allneadethe

    policespythehighestfunctionary

    inthestateandsoontheprisons

    ofalluntriesh

    thoseedthatpeople

    havetherighttogovetheelves

    astheyseefit

    toundothedagedonebythegreatnapoleonicflood

    ostiossibleageoldfenceshadbeenwashedaway

    thepalacesoftagedtosuch

    anextentthattheyhadtobendeedasuninhabitable

    otherroyalresidenceshadbeengreatlyenlargedattheexpense

    oflessfortunateneighboursstrangeoddsandends

    ofrevolutionarydoctrinehadbeenleftbehindbythereceding

    ersanduldnotbedislodgedhoutdangertotheentire

    nitybutthepoliticalengineersofthengressdid

    thebesttheyuldandthisisplished

    francehaddisturbedthepeaceoftheany

    yearsthatpeoplehadetofearthatuntryalst

    instinouthoftalleyrand;

    hadprosedtobegood;butthehundreddayshadtaught

    europeanagetoescapefor

    asendtithedutchrepublic;therefore;hanged

    intoakingdoandbelgiuoinedthedutch

    struggleforindependenceinthesixteenthcenturyandsince

    thenhadbeenpartofthehabsburgdoins;firstunderspanish

    ruleandthereafterunderaustrianruleadepart

    ofthisneoftheherlandsnobodyedthis

    unioneitherintheprotestantnorthorinthecatholicsouth;

    butnoquestionsedgoodforthepeace

    ofeuropeandthatainnsideration

    polandhadhopedforgreatthingsbecauseapole;prince

    adatefriendsof

    tsaralexanderandhadbeenhisnstantadvisorduringthe

    adea

    seindependentpartofrussiahalexanderasherking

    thissolutionpleasednooneandcausedchbitterfeeling

    andthreerevolutions

    denrk;aine**ithfulallyofnapoleon

    untiltheend;wasseverelypunishedsevenyearsbefore;an

    englishfleethadsaileddohekattegatandhouta

    declarationofbardedpenhagen

    andhadtakenahedanishfleet;lestitbeofvalueto

    napoleonthengressofviennaonestepfurther

    ittooknoraroftheyear

    1397hadbeenunitedarkadenrk

    andgaveittocharlesxivofsrayal

    ofnapoleon;upinthekingbusiness

    thisserfrenchgeneral

    bythenaofbeadotte;etoswedenasone

    ofnapoleans{sic}adjutants;andhadbeeninvitedtothethroneof

    thatgooduntryhelastoftherulersofthehouseof

    hollsteingottorphaddiedhoutleavingeithersonor

    daughterfro815until1844heruledhisadopteduntry

    thelanguageofhgreatabilityhe

    anandenjoyedtherespectofbothhisswedish

    andhisnors;buthedidnotsucceedinjoining

    triesureandhistoryhadputasunderthe

    dualscandinavianstatecessandin1905;

    norostpeaanner;setupasan

    independentkingdondtheswedesbadeher‘‘goodspeed

    andveryhergoherownway

    theitalians;hedaysoftherenaissancehad

    beenatthercyofalongseriesofinvaders;alsohadput

    greathopesingeneralbonapartetheeeroapoleon;

    hoinsteadofthe

    uniteditalyhepeopleed;theyhadbeendivided

    intoanueroflittleprincipalities;duchies;republicsand

    thepapalstate;tonapleshegoveed

    andstserableregionoftheentirepeninsulathe

    ngressofviennaabolishedafehenapoleonicrepublics

    andintheirplaceresurrectedseveraloldprincipalities

    eers;bothleandfele;

    ofthehabsburgfaly

    thepoorspaniards;a
………………………………

第86节

    rtedthegreatnationalistic

    revoltagainstnapoleon;andhebestblood

    oftheuntryfortheirking;he

    ngressalloainsthis

    viciouscreature;knothelast

    fouryearsofhislifeasaprisonerofnapoleonhehadiroved

    hisdaysbyknittinggatsforthestatuesofhis

    favouritepatronsaintshecelebratedhisretubyreintroducing

    theinquisitionandthetorturechaer;bothofh

    hadbeenabolishedbytherevolutionheing

    person;despisedaschbyhissubjectsasbyhisfourwives;

    buttheholyallianate

    throneandalleffortsofthedecentspaniardstogetridofthis

    endedin

    bloodshedandexecutions

    portugalhadbeenhoutakingsincetheyear1807when

    theroyalfalyhadfledtotheloniesinbraziltheuntry

    hadbeenusedasabaseofsupplyforthearesof

    onduringthepeninsula1808

    until1814after1815portugalntinuedtobeasortof

    britishprovinceuntilthehouseofbraganzaretuedtothe

    throne;leavingoneofitsersbehindinriodejaneiro

    aseerorofbrazil;theonlyaricaneireed

    forrethanafeetoanendin1889

    earepublic

    intheeast;nothingprovetheterriblenditions

    ofboththeslavsandthegreeksillsubjects

    ofthesultanintheyear1804blackgeorge;aservian

    shefounderofthekarageorgevichdynastyhad

    startedarevoltagainsttheturks;buthehadbeendefeated

    byhiseneesandhadbeenrderedbyoneofhissupposed

    friends;therivalservianleader;calledloshobrenovich;

    ethefounderoftheobrenovichdynastyandthe

    turkshadntinuedtobetheundisputedstersofthe

    balkans

    thegreeks;helossoftheirindependence;two

    thousandyearsbefore;hadbeensubjeacedonians;

    therons;theveiansandtheturks;hadhopedthattheir

    untryn;capodistria;anativeofrfuandtogether

    ostintitepersonalfriendsof

    alexander;ethingforthebutthengress

    ofviennauch

    interestedinkeepingall‘‘legititenarchs;christian;

    slendotherheirrespectivethronestherefore

    nothingwasdone

    thelast;butperhapsthegreatestblunderofthengress

    entofgeytherefortionandthe

    thirtyyearsonlydestroyedtheprosperityofthe

    untry;buthadtueditintoahopelesspoliticalrubbish

    heap;nsistingofaupleofkingdo;afehies;

    alargenuerofduargravates;principalities;

    baronies;electorates;freecitiesandfreevillages;

    ruledbythestrangestassortntofpotentatesthatwasever

    seenofftheiperastagefrederickthegreathad

    changedthisedastrongprussia;butthisstate

    hadnotsurvivedhiynyyears

    napoleonhadbluepenciledthedendforindependence

    ofstoftheselittleuntries;andonlyfiftytofa

    totalofrethanthreehundredhadsurvivedtheyear1806

    duringtheyearsofthegreatstruggleforindependence;ny

    ayoungsoldierhaddreadofaneherlandthatshould

    bestrongandunitedbuttherecanbenounionhouta

    strongleadership;andobethisleader

    theresinthegespeakinglands

    therulersofthese;austriaandprussia;werekingsby

    thegraceofgodtherulersofthreeothers;bavaria;saxony

    andberg;hegraceofnapoleon;and

    astheyhadbeenthefaithfulhenperor;their

    patrioticcreditanshereforenotvery

    good

    thengresshadestablishedaneannfederation;

    aleagueofthirtyeightsovereignstates;underthechaiship

    ofthekingofaustria;he

    eerorofaustriaitakeshiftarrangent

    andiet;

    etintheoldronationcityoffrankforthadbeen

    attersof‘‘npolicyandiortance

    butinthisdiet;thirtyeightdelegatesrepresentedthirtyeight

    differentinterestsandasnodecisionuldbetakenhouta

    unaniusvoteaparliantaryrulehhadinprevious

    ous

    genfederationbecaverysoonthelaughingstock

    ofeuropeandthepolitipirebegantoresele

    thoseofourcentralaricanneighboursinthefortiesand

    thefiftiesofthelastcentury

    itiliatingtothepeoplerificed

    everythingforanationalidealbutthengress

    interestedintheprivatefeelingsof‘‘subjects;andthedebate

    losed

    didanybodyobjectstassuredlyassoonasthefirst

    feelingofhatredagainstnapoleonhadquieteddownassoon

    astheenthusiasfthegreatwarhadsubsidedassoonas

    thepeopleethathadbeen

    ttedinthenaof‘‘peaceandstabilitytheybeganto

    rrtheyevendethreatsofopenrevoltbut

    uldtheydotheyercy

    ofthestpitilessandeffitheworldhad

    everseen

    theersofthengressofviennahonestlyandsincerely

    believedthat‘‘therevolutionaryprinciplehadledto

    theereeror

    napoleontheyfeltthattheyoeradicate

    theadherentsofthesocalled‘‘frenchideasjustasphilipii

    hadonlyfollohevoiceofhisnsciencewhenhebued

    protestantsorhangedorsinthebeginningofthesixteenth

    centuryanbelieveinthedivineright

    ofthepopetorulehissubjectsashesaic

    anditinthe

    beginningofthenieenthcentury;onthentinentofeurope;

    anbelieveinthedivinerightofhiskingto

    rulehisheorhisprinistersa;ic;and

    ittothenearest

    policenandseethathegotpunished

    buttherulersoftheyear1815hadleaedefficiencyin

    thesedtheirtaskch

    betterthanithadbeendoneintheyear1517theperiod

    betheyear1815andthe
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第87节

    year1860hegreateraof

    thepoliticalspyspiesheylivedinpalaces

    andtheyobefoundintheloginshopsthey

    peepedthroughthekeyholesofthenisterialcabiand

    theylistenedtothenversationsofthepeopleaking

    theaironthebenunicipalparktheyguarded
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