good;buttheurthadapparentlynotyetleaeditslesson
therehatthekingwasagain
tryingtointerferesandasaresult;onthe
5thofoctober;thereinparisitspreadto
versaillesandthepeoplepacifieduntiltheyhad
broughtthekingbacktohispalaceinparistheydidnot
trusthinversaillestheylikedtohavehiey
uldandntrolhisrrespondencehhisrelatives
inviennaanddridandtheotherurtsofeurope
intheasselyananwho
hadbeeleaderofthethirdestate;oput
orderintochaosbutbeforeheuldsavethepositionofthe
kinghedied;onthe2ndofapriloftheyear1791theking;
ofearforhisoriedtoescapeonthe
21stofjunehehispictureonain;
eersofthe
nationalguard;andbacktoparis;
insepteerof1791;thefirstnstitutionoffrancewas
ably
hoonthefirstofobly
catogethertontinuethehenational
asselyinthisneheringofpopularrepresentatives
thereanyextrelyrevolutionaryelentsthe
boldestangthesehejabins;aftertheold
jabincloisterineetings
theseyoungnstoftheelongingtotheprofessional
classesdeveryviolentspeechesandhenewspapers
carriedtheseorationstoberlinandvienna;thekingof
prussiaandtheeerordeething
tosavetheirgoodbrotherandsistertheywereverybusy
justthendividingthekingdofpoland;ical
factionshadcausedsuchastateofdisorderthattheuntry
ercyofanybodyedtotakeaupleof
provinytoinvade
franceanddelivertheking
thenaterriblepaniffearsthroughouttheland
offranceallthepentuphatredofyearsofhungerand
sufferingaxthebofparisstord
thepalaceofthetuilleriesthefaithfulswissbodyguards
triedtodefendtheirster;butlouis;unabletokeuphis
nd;gaveorderto‘‘ceasefiringjusthecrowdwas
retiringthepeople;drunkhbloodandnoiseandcheap
urderedthesan;theninvadedthe
palace;andeeting
halloftheassely;diatelysuspendedof
hisoffice;andfrokenasaprisonertothe
oldple
butthearesofaustriaandprussiantinuedtheiradvance
andthepanienand
enintoberof
theyear1792;thecrourderedall
theprisonersthegoventdidnotinterferethejabins;
headedbydanton;kneeanteitherthe
suost
brutalaudacityuldsavethethelegislativeassely
beroftheyear1792;a
neetogetheritposed
alstentirelyofextrerevolutioniststhekingwas
forllyaccusedofhightreasonandbeforethe
nventionheyandbyavoteof361to360
theextravotebeingthatofhisusinthedukeoforleans
henedtodeathonthe21stofjanuaryofthe
year1793;hequietlyanduchdignitysufferedhielf
tobetakentothescaffoldhehadneverunderstoodall
theshootingandthefusshadbeenaboutandhehadbeentoo
proudtoaskquestions
thenthejabinstuedagainsttherederateelent
inthenvention;thegirondists;calledaftertheirsouthe
district;thegirondeaspecialrevolutionarytribunalwas
institutedandtyoneoftheleadinggirondistswere
ndeedtodeaththeothersttedsuicidetheywere
enbuttoophilosophioderate
tosurviveduringthesefrightfulyears
inoctoberoftheyear1793thenstitutionwas
suspendedbythejabins‘‘untilpeaceshouldhavebeen
deittee
ofpublicsafety;hdantonandrobespierreasits
leadersthechristianreligionandtheoldchronologywere
abolishedthe‘‘ageofreasonofaspainehad
ericanrevolutionhad
eandorethanayearkilled
goodandbadandindifferentpeopleattherateofseventyor
eightyaday
theautocraticruleofthekinghadbeendestroyedit
hetyrannyofafeha
passionatelovefordecraticvirtuethattheyfeltpelled
tokillallthosefranceued
intoaslaughterhouseeverybodysuspectedeverybodyelse
noonefeltsafeoutofsheerfear;afeeersoftheold
nvention;hattheyhenextcandidatesfor
thescaffold;finallytuedagainstrobespierre;whohad
alreadydeerlleaguesrobespierre;
‘‘theonlytrueandpuredeself
butfailedhisshatteredjailybandagedand
heotheguillotineonthe27thofjuly;ofthe
year1794the9ththerdoroftheyearii;acrdingtothe
strangee
toanend;andallparisdancedhjoy
thedangerouspositionoffrance;hoadeitnecessary
thatthegoventreininthehandsofaferong
n;untilthenyeneesoftherevolutionshouldhavebeen
drivenfrohesoilofthefrenchfatherlandhe
halfiesfoughttheir
desperatebattlesoftherhineanditalyandbelgiund
egypt;anddefeatedeveryoneoftheeneesofthegreat
revolution;fivedirectorsed;andtheyruled
franceforfouryearsthenthepoedintheha
………………………………
第79节
nds
ofasuccessfulgeneralbythenaofnapoleonbonaparte;
e‘‘firstnsuloffranceintheyear1799and
duringthenextfifteenyears;theoldeuropeanntinentbeca
thelaboratoryofanuerofpoliticalexperints;the
likeofheworldhadneverseenbefore
napoleon
napoleon
napoleonheyear1769;thethirdson
ofcarloriabuonaparte;anhonestnotarypublif
thecityofajacciointheislandofrsica;andhisgood
olinohethereforean;
butanitalianiveislandanoldgreek;carthaginian
andronlonyinthediterraneanseahad
foryearsbeenstrugglingtoregainitsindependence;
firstofallfrohegenoese;andaftertheddleofthe
eighteenthcenturyfrohefrench;whohadkindlyoffered
tohelpthersiandhad
thenoccupiedtheislandfortheiro
duringthefirsttyyearsofhislife;youngnapoleon
riotarsicansinnfeiner;
theyokeofthe
bitterlyhatedfrenchenebutthefrenchrevolutionhad
unexpectedlyregnisedtheclaiofthersicansandgradually
napoleon;ilitary
schoolofbrienne;driftedintotheserviceofhisadopteduntry
althoughheneverleaedtospellfrenchrrectlyor
tospeakiteafrenchn
induetihecatostandasthehighestexpression
ofallfrenchvirtuesatpresentheisregardedasthesyol
ofthegallicgenius
napoleoniscalle**stareer
doesnotverrethantyyearsinthatshortspan
oftihefoughtreorevictoriesand
rilesandnqueredresquarekilotersand
killedrepeopleandbroughtaboutrereforandgenerally
upseteuropetoagreaterextentthananybodyincluding
alexanderthegreatandjenghiskhanhadeveaged
todo
hetlefellohefirstyearsofhislife
hishealthpressedanybody
byhisgoodlooksandhereinedtotheendofhisdaysvery
cluyoappearatasocialfunction
hedidnotenjoyasingleadvantageofbreedingorbirthor
richesforthegreaterpartofhisyouthheely
poorandoftenhehadtogoealorwasobliged
tokeaferapenniesincuriousways
hegavelittleproseasaliterarygeniuspeted
foraprizeofferedbytheacadeoflyons;hisessay
ber15outof
16eallthesedifficultiesthrough
hisabsoluteandunshakablebeliefinhisoiny;andin
hisobitionainspringofhis
lifethethoughtofself;thehatcapitalletter
‘‘nhters;andhrecurred
foreverintheoantsofhishastilynstructedpalaces;the
absoluteakethenanapoleonthestiortant
thingintheeofgod;thesedesirescarried
napoleontoapinnaeanhas
everreached
;youngbonapartewas
veryfondofthe‘‘livesoffausnarch;the
ronhistorian;hadtenbuthenevertriedtoliveup
tothehighstandardofcharactersetbytheseheroesofthe
olderdaysnapoleonseetohavebeendevoidofallthose
nsiderateandthoughtfulsentintsaken
differentfroheanilsittodecide
hanydegreeofaccuracyherheeverlovedanyone
besideshielfhekeptaother;but
letiziahadtheairandnnersofagreatladyandafterthe
fashionofitalianthers;shekneoruleherbroodof
childrenandndtheirrespectforafewyearshewas
fondofjosephine;hisprettycreolehedaughter
ofafrenartiniqueandthehe
vitedebeauhaais;edbyrobespierre
abattleagainsttheprussiansbut
theeerordivorcedherason
andheirandrriedthedaughteroftheaustrianeeror;
becauseitseedgoodpolicy
duringthesiegeoftoulon;e
asnderofabattery;napoleonstudiedcchiavelli
hindustriouscarehefolloheadviceoftheflorentine
statesnandneverkepthisohis
advantagetobreakittheitudedidnotoccurin
hispersonaldictionaryneither;tobequitefair;didheexpect
itfrothersheansuffering
heexecutedprisonersofin1798whohad
beenprosedtheirlives;andhequietlyallowedhiswounded
insyriatobeedpossibleto
transporttheohisshipsheorderedthedukeofenghien
tobendeedtodeathbyaprejudicedurtrtialandto
beshotntrarytoalllahesolegroundthatthe
‘‘bourbonsneededaan
officersadeprisoneringfortheir
untrysindependenceshouldbeshotagainstthenearestwall;
andhetyrolesehero;fellintohishands
afterastheroicresistance;hen
traitor
inshort;peror;we
begintounderstandthoseanxiousbritishtherswhoused
todrivetheirchildrentobedhthethreatthat‘‘bonaparte;
eandget
theftheyverygoodandyet;havingsaidthese
nyunpleasantthingsaboutthisstrangetyrant;wholooked
aftereveryotherdepartntofhisarostcare;
butneglectedthedicalservice;ands
ellof
hispoorsingsoldiers;havingsaidalltheseunpleasant
thingsandbeingfullypreparedtoaddnyre;ist
nfesstoacertainlurkingfeelingofdoubt
hereiaittingatafortabletableloadedheavily
ytypeerandtheotheron
liricethecat;fondnessforcarbonpaper;
andiaellingyouthattheeeroapoleonost
ntetiblepersonbutshouldihappentolookoutof
thehavenue;andshouldtheendless
processionoftrucksandcartsetoasuddenhalt;and
shouldihearthesoundoftheheavydru
………………………………
第80节
andseethelittle
nonhisuch;
thenidontknoafraidthatiwouldleave
booksandthekittenandhoandeverythingelseto
folloyoher
didthisandheavenknobotobeahero
llionsofotherpeoplesgrandfathersdidittheyreceived
noretheyexpectednonetheycheerfully
gavelegsandarandlivestoservethisforeigner;ook
thethousandlesatheirhosandrched
thentoabarrageofrussianorenglishorspanishor
italianoraustriancannonandstaredquietlyintospacewhile
theyheagonyofdeath
ifyouaskforanexplanation;istanshati
havenoneicanonlyguessatoneofthereasonsnapoleon
hegreatestofactorsandtheinent
esandunderallcircutances
heknepressthespectators
standheunderstoodakethedeepest
iressionherhespokeintheegyptiandesert;before
thebaids;oraddressed
hisshiveringnonthedeadeno
differenceatalltisheasterofthesituationeven
attheend;anexileonalittlerockintheddleoftheatlantic;
asicknatthercyofadullandintolerablebritishgoveor;
heheldthecentreofthestage
afterthedefeatoferloo;nooneoutsideofafew
trustedfriendseversaperorthepeopleof
europeknehatheheislandofsthelena
theyknedayandnight
theyknehatthebritishfleetguardedthegarrisonh
guardedtheeeroronhisfartlonghewas
neveroutofthendofeitherfriendorenewhenillness
anddespairhadatlasttakenhieyesntinued
tohaunttheuchofaforce
inthelifeoffranceasahundredyearsagowhenpeople
faintedattheresightofthissalloanabled
hishorsesintheholiesttelesoftherussiankrein;and
ightyonesofthisearthasif
theykeys
togiveyouareoutlineofhislifeand
upleofvolustotellyouofhisgreatpoliti
ofthefrenchstate;ofhisneodesoflahwere
adoptedinsteuropeanuntries;ofhisactivitiesinevery
fieldof
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