《人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)》

下载本书

添加书签

人类的故事-The Story of Mankind(英文版)- 第10部分


按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!

    theronshadcalledgeiathoseinhospitableregions

    hadneverbeenpartoftheoldeireaugustushad

    triedtonquerthis‘‘fareast;buthislegionshadbeen

    annihilatedintheteutoburgheyear9andthepeoplehad

    neverbeeninfluencedbythehigherroncivilisationthey

    spokethepopulargeictonguetheteutonwordfor

    ‘‘peopleissionariestherefore

    calledthegelanguagethe‘‘linguatheotiscaorthe

    ‘‘linguateutisca;the‘‘populardialectandthisword

    ‘‘teutiscae

    ‘‘deutschland

    asforthefausierialcroverysoonslipped

    offtheheadsofthecarolingiansuccessorsandrolledbackonto

    theitalianplain;easortofplaythingofa

    nueroflittlepotentateseachother

    adstchbloodshedandission

    ofthepopeuntilitereaitious

    neighbourthepope;onceresorelybesetbyhis

    enees;sentnorthforhelphedidnotappealtotheruler

    ofthe;thistihisssengers

    selvestootto;asaxon

    princehegreatestchieftainofthe

    differentgeictribes

    otto;ionfortheblueskies

    andthegayandbeautifulpeopleoftheitalianpeninsula;

    hastenedtotherescueinretuforhisservices;thepope;

    leoviii;deotto‘‘eeror;andtheeastehalfof

    hknohe‘‘holy

    roneireofthegenation

    thisstrangepolitianagedtolivetotheripe

    oldageofeighthundredandthirtynineyearsintheyear

    1801;duringthepresidenasjefferson;itwas

    stuncereniouslyrelegatedtothehistoricalscrapheap

    thebrutalfelloaniceirewas

    thesonofarsicannotarypublicadeabrilliant

    careerintheserviceofthefrenchrepublichewasruler

    ofeuropebythegraousguardregints;but

    hedesiredtobesothingrehesenttoroforthe

    popeandthepopecaandstoodbywhilegeneralnapoleon

    placedtheierialcroed

    hielfheirtothetraditionofcharlegneforhistoryis

    likelifetherethingsain

    thesa

    thenorsen

    hepeopleofthetenthcentury

    prayedthelordtoprotectthebr 》

    frohefuryofthenorsen

    inthethirdandfourthcenturies;thegeictribesof

    pire

    thattheyghtplunderroandliveonthefatofthe

    landintheeighthans

    tobethe‘‘plunderedonestheydidnotlikethisatall;even

    iftheireneesen;who

    livedindenrkandswedenandnorway

    forcedthesehardysailorstotupirate

    knooncetheyhaddisveredtheadvantagesandpleasures

    ofabuccaneeringcareerthereop

    thetheyenduponapeacefulfrankish

    orfrisianvillage;situatedontheuthofariverthey

    enandstealalltheenthenthey

    heirfastsailingshipsandhesoldiers

    ofthekingoreerorarriveduponthescene;therobbers

    ainedbutafeouldering

    ruins

    duringthedaysofdisorderhedeathof

    endevelopedgreatactivitytheir

    fleetsderaidsuponeveryuntryandtheirsailorsestablished

    sllindependentkingdoalongtheastofholland

    andfranceandenglandandgey;andtheyevenfound

    theirenelligent

    theysoonleaedtospeakthelanguageoftheirsubjectsand

    gaveuptheuncivilisedheearlyvikingsorsea

    kingsuresquebutalsoveryunwashed

    andterriblycruel

    earlyinthetenthcenturyavikingbythenaofrollo

    hadrepeatedlyattackedtheastoffrancethekingof

    france;toooresistthesenortherobbers;triedto

    bribethento‘‘beinggoodheofferedtheheprovince

    ofnody;iftheyisetostopbotheringtherest

    ofhisdoinsrolloacceptedthisbargainandbeca‘‘duke

    ofnody

    butthepassionofnquestronginthebloodofhis

    childrenacrossthechannel;onlyafethe

    europeaninland;theyuldseetheecliffsandthe

    greenfieldsofenglandpoorenglandhadpassedthrough

    difficultdaysfortan

    lonyaftertheronsleft;ithadbeennqueredbythe

    anglesandthesaxons;tantribesfrochleswig

    nextthedaneshadtakenthegreaterpartoftheuntry

    andhadestablishedthekingdofutthedaneshad

    beendrivenaheeleventhcentury

    anothersaxonking;edhenfessor;he

    thronebutedexpectedtolivelongandhe

    hadnobitious

    dukesofnody

    in1066eddiatelyofnody

    crossedthechannel;defeatedandkilledharoldof

    hecrothebattleofhastings;

    andproclaidhielfkingofengland

    inanotherchapterihavetoldyouhoheyear800a

    geperoowin

    theyear1066thegrandsonofanorsepirateognised

    askingofengland

    ruth

    ofhistoryissochreinterestingandentertaining

    feudalisbr 》

    ho

    threesides;becaanardca

    andwhyeuropewouldhaveperished

    houtthoseprofessional

    soldiersandadnistratorswho

    thefollohen;isthestateofeuropeintheyearone

    thousand;ostpeopleed

    theprophecyforetellingtheapproachingendofthe

    onasteries;thatthedayofjudgent

    ghtfindthengagedupondevoutduties

    atanunknoanictribeshadlefttheirold

    hoinasiaandhadvedoeuropeby

    sheerpressureofnuerstheyhadforcedtheirothe

    roneiretheyhaddestroyedthegre
………………………………

第33节

    atpire;

    buttheeastepart;beingofftheinrouteofthe

    greatgrations;hadnagedtosurviveandfeeblyntinued

    thetraditionsofrosancientglory

    duringthedaysofdisorderhetrue

    ‘‘darkagesofhistory;thesixthandseventhcenturiesofour

    era;thegetribeshadbeenpersuadedtoacceptthe

    e

    asthepopeorspiritualheadoftheheninthcentury;

    theorganisinggeniusofcharlegnehadrevivedthe

    roneireandhadunitedthegreaterpartofe

    europeintoasinglestateduringthetenthcenturythis

    eirehadgoopiecestheea

    separatekingdofrancetheeastehalfhe

    holyroneireofthegenation;andtherulersof

    thisfederationofstatesthenpretendedthattheyhe

    directheirsofcaesarandaugustus

    unfortunatelythepohekingsoffrancedidnot

    stretoatoftheirroyalresidence;he

    holyroneerorwasopenlydefiedbyhispowerful

    subjectssuitedtheirfancyortheirprofit

    toinassesofthepeople;the

    triangleofeeuropelookatpage128;pleasewasforever

    exposedtoattacksfrohreesidesonthesouthlivedthe

    everdangeroushaedanstheeastwasravaged

    bythenorthntheeastefrontierdefencelessexcept

    fortheshortstretountains

    thercyofhordesofhuns;hungarians;slavsandtartars

    thepeaeotepast;adreabr 》

    ofthe‘‘goodolddaysthatwasa

    questionof‘‘fightordie;andquitenaturallypeoplepreferred

    tofightforeanard

    caandthereandforstrongleadershipboth

    kingandeerorenand

    stofeuropeintheyear1000usthelp

    theelvestheyittedtotherepresentatives

    ofthekinginistertheoutlyingdistricts;

    providedtheyuldprotectthegainsttheirenees

    sooncentraleuropeallprincipalities;

    eachoneruledbyadukeorauntorabaronorabishop;as

    thecaseghtbe;andorganisedasafightingunitthese

    dukesanduntsandbaronshadsobefaithfultothe

    kingtheir‘‘feuduenceourword

    ‘‘feudal;inretufortheirloyalservicesandacertain

    auntoftaxesbuttravelinthosedayshe

    ansofnicationheroyal

    orierialadnistratorsthereforeenjoyedgreatindependence;

    andhintheboundariesoftheirohey

    assudstoftherightsruthbelongedtotheking

    butyouakeastakeifyousupposedthatthe

    peopleoftheeleventhof

    goventtheysupportedfeudalisecauseitwasavery

    praaster

    usuallylivedinabigstonehouseerectedonthetopofasteep

    rockorbuiltbetoats;buthinsightofhis

    subjectsincaseofdangerthesubjectsfoundshelterbehind

    thehebaronialstrongholdthatisheytried

    toliveasnearthecastleaspossibleanditacuntsforthe

    nyeuropeancitiesheircareeraroundafeudal

    fortress

    buttheknightoftheearlyddleagesuchre

    thanaprofessionalsoldierhehecivilservantofthat

    dayhenityandhehe

    chiefofpolicehecaughtthehighenandprotected

    theerchantsoftheeleventh

    centuryhelookedafterthedikessothattheuntryside

    shouldnotbefloodedjustasthefirstnoblenhaddone

    inthevalleyofthenilefourthousandyearsbeforehe

    enuragedthetroubadoursplacetoplace

    tellingthestoriesoftheancientheroesinthe

    greatigrationsbesides;heprotectedthechurches

    andthenasterieshinhisterritory;andalthoughheuld

    neitherreadnoranlytoknow

    suberofpriestshis

    acuntsandarriagesandthebirthsand

    thedeathsains

    inthefifteenthorebecastrong

    enoughtoexercisethosepobecause

    theyedofgodthenthefeudalknightslost

    theirforrindependencereducedtotherankofuntry

    squires;theynolongerfilledaneedandsoontheybecaa

    nuisancebuteuropehoutthe‘‘feudal

    systefthedarkagesthereanybadknights

    astherearenybadpeopletodaybutgenerallyspeaking;

    theroughfistedbaronsofthethandthirteenthcentury

    inistratorsostuseful

    servicetothecauseofprogressduringthaterathenoble

    torchofleaingandartinatedtheworldof

    theegyptiansandthegreeksandtheronswasbuing

    verylohouttheknightsandtheirgoodfriends;the

    nks;civilisationinguishedentirely;and

    thehunraceore

    anhadleftoff

    chivalry

    chivalry

    itenof

    theddleagesshouldtrytoestablishsosortoforganisation

    fortheirtualbenefitandprotectionoutofthisneed

    forcloseorganisation;knighthoodorchivalrywasbo

    leabouttheoriginsofknighthoodbut

    asthesysteeveloped;itgavetheething

    neededverybadlyadefiniteruleofnductened

    thebarbarousadeliferelivable

    thanithadbeenduringthefivehundredyearsofthedark

    agesiten

    ostoftheirtifightinghaedans

    andhunsandnorsenoftentheyyofbacksliding;

    andhavingvoercyand

    charityintheing;theyurderalltheirprisoners

    beforeeveningbutprogressisevertheresultofslowand

    ostunscrupulousofknights

    oobeytherulesofhis‘‘classorsufferthensequences

    theserulesinthevariouspartsofeurope;

    buttheyalldechof‘‘serviceand‘‘loyaltytodutythe

    ddleagesregardedserviceassothingverynoblea
………………………………

第34节

    nd

    beautifulitobeaservant;providedyou

    anddidnotslackenonthejobasfor

    loyalty;atatihefaithfulper

    foanyunpleasantduties;ithechiefvirtue

    ofthefightingn

    ayoungknightthereforeoshathewould

    befaithfulasaservanttogodandasaservanttohisking

    furtherre;heprosedtobegeneroustothosewhoseneed

    erthanhisohathewould

    behuleinhispersonalbehaviourandof

    hisoplishntsandthathewouldbeafriendofall

    thosedans;

    heedtokillonsight

    aroundthesevoerelythetenndnts

    expressedinteriddleages

    uldunderstand;theredevelopedaplicatedsystef

    nnersandoutodel

    theiropleofthoseheroesofarthurs

    roundtableandcharlegnesurtofthetroubadours

    hadtoldthendofyouyreadinnydelightful

    bookseratedattheendofthisvolu

    theyhopedthattheyghtproveasbraveaslancelotand

    asfaithfulasrolandtheycarriedtheelveshdignity

    andtheyspokecarefulandgraciousightbe

    knoblethecutoftheirat

    orthesizeoftheirpurse

    inthiseaschoolofthose

    goodnnersachinerychivalry

    catoanurtesyandthefeudalcastleshohe

    restoftheclothestooeat;hooask

    aladyforadanceandthethousandandonelittlethingsof

    everydaybehaviourakelifeinterestingand

    agreeable

    likeallhuninstitutions;knighthoodedto

    perishassoonasithadoutliveditsusefulness

    thecrusades;abouthenextchapterstells;

    revivaloftradecitiesgre

    thetoerich;hiredgoodschoolteachers

    andsoonheequalsoftheknightstheinvention

    ofgunpoed‘‘chevalierofhis

    forradvantageandtheuseofrcenariesdeitioss
小提示:按 回车 [Enter] 键 返回书目,按 ← 键 返回上一页, 按 → 键 进入下一页。 赞一下 添加书签加入书架